AGP is an acronym for Accelerated Graphics Port. It is a dedicated expansion slot for graphics cards. It is based on the PCI graphics interface. The AGP specification was introduced by Intel Corporation to solve the problem of poor computer processing (mainly display) 3D graphics. AGP is not a bus, but an interface. With the increasing complexity of 3D games, using a large number of 3D special effects and textures, the original PCI bus with a transfer rate of 133MB/sec was becoming increasingly overwhelmed. For this reason, Intel introduced a high-bandwidth AGP interface. . This is a graphical interface that is very different from the PCI bus. It is completely independent of the PCI bus. It directly connects the graphics card to the motherboard control chip, making the 3D graphics data skip the process of crossing the PCI bus, which is a good solution The system bottleneck caused by the low bandwidth PCI interface. It can be said that AGP replaces PCI as the new graphics port is the inevitable development of technology.
AGP slot standardAGP criteria: The AGP criteria are AGP 1.0 (AGP 1X and AGP 2X), AGP 2.0 (AGP 4X), and AGP 3.0 (AGP 8X).
Currently used AGP interfaces are AGP4X, AGP PRO, AGP universal and AGP8X interfaces. It should be noted that because the AGP3.0 graphics card's rated voltage is 0.8-1.5V, the AGP8X graphics card cannot be plugged into the AGP1.0 specification slot. This means that the AGP8X specification is not compatible with the old AGP1X/2X model. For the AGP4X system, the AGP8X graphics card still works on it, but it will only work in AGP4X mode, and it will not be able to take advantage of AGP8X.
AGP 1.0 (AGP1X, AGP2X)
In July 1996, the AGP 1.0 graphics standard was introduced, which was divided into 1X and 2X modes. The data transmission bandwidth reached 266MB/S and 533MB/S, respectively. This kind of graphical interface specification is formed on the basis of the 66MHz PCI2.1 norm after expanding and strengthening, its operating frequency is 66MHz, the working voltage is 3.3v, basically met the need that the display apparatus and system exchange data in a period of time. The AGP bandwidth in this specification is very small and has now been eliminated. It has only been seen on old motherboards in previous years.
AGP2.0 (AGP4X)
With the rapid development of the display chip, the data that can be processed by the graphic card per unit time has been exponentially increased. The AGP 1.0 graphics standard is increasingly difficult to meet the technological advancement, and thus AGP 2.0 has emerged. In May 1998, the AGP 2.0 specification was officially released, the operating frequency was still 66MHz, but the operating voltage was reduced to 1.5v, and the 4x mode was increased, so that its data transmission bandwidth reached 1066MB/sec, and the data transmission capability was greatly enhanced. .
AGP Pro
AGP Pro interface and AGP 2.0 are introduced at the same time. This is a graphical interface standard developed to meet the increasing power consumption of display devices. The graphical interface used in this technology is characterized by slightly longer than the AGP 4x, and its lengthened. Some can accommodate more power pins, making this interface capable of driving more power-efficient (25-110W) or more powerful AGP graphics cards. This standard is actually designed for high-end graphics workstations, fully compatible with the AGP 4x specification, making the AGP 4x graphics card can also be plugged into this slot for normal use. The AGP Pro extends on both sides of the original AGP slot to provide extra power. It is used to enhance rather than replace the functionality of an existing AGP slot. According to the different energy available, AGP Pro can be subdivided into AGP Pro110 and AGP Pro50. AGP Pro sockets can also be seen on some high-end desktop motherboards, such as many ASUS motherboards.
AGP3.0 (AGP8X)
In August 2000, Intel introduced the AGP 3.0 specification and its operating voltage dropped to 0.8V. In order to prevent users from using non-0.8V graphics cards in AGP 0.8V slots, Intel has added electronic IDs specifically for AGP 3.0 slots and motherboards. Can support 1.5V and 0.8V signal voltage. And increased the 8x mode, so that its data transmission bandwidth reaches 2133MB/Sec, and the data transmission capacity is doubled with respect to AGP 4X, which can better meet the bandwidth requirements of current display devices.
Different modes of AGP interface transmission are different. 1X mode of AGP, the operating frequency has reached twice the PCI bus - 66MHz, the theoretical transmission bandwidth can reach 266MB/S. The AGP 2X operating frequency is also 66MHz, but it uses the positive and negative edge (a rising and falling edge of a clock cycle) triggering mode. In this triggering mode, it is transmitted once at the rising and falling edges of a clock cycle. Data, so that a work cycle has been triggered twice, so that the transmission bandwidth has reached the goal of doubling, and this trigger signal operating frequency is 133MHz, so that the AGP 2X transmission bandwidth reached 266MB/S & TImes; 2 (the number of triggers ) = 533MB/s height. AGP 4X still uses this signal triggering method, but uses two trigger signals to cause two triggers respectively on the falling edge of each clock cycle, so as to achieve the purpose of triggering four times in one clock cycle, so that it theoretically It is possible to achieve a bandwidth of 266MB/S&TImes; 2 (single-signal triggering) & TImes; 2 (number of signals) = 1066MB/s. In the AGP 8X specification, this trigger mode is still used, except that the operating frequency of the trigger signal is changed to 266 MHz. The trigger point of the two signals also becomes the rising edge of each clock cycle. The number of single-signal triggers is four. The data that can be transmitted in one clock cycle is changed from 4 times of AGP4X to 8 times, and the theoretical transmission bandwidth can reach 266MB/S&TImes; 4 (the number of single signal triggering) 2 (the number of signals) = 2133MB/S. Highly.
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