In recent years, the agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) has experienced rapid development. However, the current applications of IoT in agriculture are still largely limited to monitoring, testing, and displaying environmental conditions in farming settings. Most solutions are derived from specific projects and often focus on aspects like product detection, data transmission, operational records, smart equipment control, and product visualization. From the perspective of agricultural enterprises and farmer groups, there is a need for IoT applications, but the urgency is not very high. Instead, government financial support plays a significant role in driving these implementations.
The potential areas for IoT application in agriculture are vast, ranging from quality traceability of agricultural products to the integration of IoT in farm infrastructure. For instance, quality traceability enables consumers to access detailed information about the product’s journey—from planting, storage, logistics, processing, to sales. This transparency helps build consumer trust and ensures their right to know. For businesses, this process can enhance ERP systems through standardized management and information tracking. Moreover, the flow of product data also contributes to brand building and marketing efforts. The government must play a role in ensuring transparency, supervision, and fairness, while providing clear channels for complaints and feedback.
Agriculture involves numerous stages, from pre-production to post-harvest. The IoT can be applied across all these phases. Before production, various inputs such as seeds, seedlings, fertilizers, and equipment are involved, yet their information is often disconnected from farmers. This lack of connectivity limits the extent to which IoT can be effectively implemented in production. The meaning of IoT in agriculture lies in two dimensions: first, the degree to which agricultural materials are integrated with IoT technology; second, the level of informationization in agricultural products. For example, growing safe, traceable vegetables requires not only proper cultivation methods but also full traceability of inputs and equipment. It's a complex challenge that demands more attention and innovation.
While post-harvest sales have embraced e-commerce, the long production cycles and inconsistent quality monitoring in agriculture remain major hurdles. Even with batch traceability, consumer confidence is still based largely on word-of-mouth. The contradiction between quality and scale is difficult to resolve, but IoT offers a promising solution. By integrating automation, data analysis, and real-time monitoring, IoT can help standardize and optimize agricultural processes.
Currently, the development of the Agricultural IoT is largely driven by government initiatives, with many projects relying on subsidies. High-profit industries tend to attract large companies, often outsourcing to international firms for advanced technologies. These systems require a combination of communication, data processing, sensors, automation, and hardware, making them technically demanding and costly. A practical approach might be to start with IT-focused solutions and gradually expand into other areas.
Ultimately, long-term success cannot depend solely on government support. It requires developing products that meet real user needs and building a sustainable ecosystem. When people see value and use these technologies, they will support and sustain them. The future of the Agricultural IoT lies in innovation, integration, and meaningful application—driven by both technology and human insight.
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