The correct application of LED lighting

6.1 Correct lighting application

We mainly use our vision to perceive the environment in which we live. The eye, as a sensory organ, provides us with up to 80% of all information. Therefore, good lighting is crucial. Today, we have a great deal of knowledge on how lighting should be related to space, our needs, and how we are subconsciously triggered and controlled by its strength. This type of knowledge can be correctly translated into many target parameters and can be easily expressed by the following values ​​and requirements:

Illumination level and its uniformity

Harmonious light distribution and balanced brightness ratio

The color temperature of light and the quality of light source related to color rendering

Direction of light

With the fundamental changes in human society and the geometric growth of our sharing of information with the world around us, lighting is constantly evolving. The development of new light sources and luminaires takes advantage of modern technology, new optical systems and materials, with a view to optimizing efficiency and taking into account environmental impacts. Combining these together, we define 10 basic application areas with specific requirements for lighting to ensure "correct illumination" for a given space:

Display and retail stores, shopping malls

Indoor and outdoor industrial space

Office and public space

Hotel and dining space

Building lighting and urban landscape

Roads, roads and squares

Home space

Education and research space

Health and care space

Sports and leisure space

6.2 Display and retail stores, shopping malls

Retail stores typically use traditional track fixtures for continuous installation. Their LED replacements will save a huge amount of power.

The precise light distribution of LED luminaires allows one to see every single detail of the product. Light and shadow games will reveal to customers the mystery of the product – lighting from multiple angles can avoid shadows on the product itself. It is very important to illuminate large areas of the store space. We use LED billboards and video playback to draw attention, and then focus our customers' interest on the product through precise aiming projection lights.

High color rendering performance can better represent the essence of goods. LED light sources can already provide products with a color rendering index higher than 90. With RGB LED-based luminaires, we can adjust the color of the scene inside the LED source, so you don't have to use a color filter like a traditional light source.

Figure 6.2.1 Key lighting fixtures, designed with a linear/modular system for easy and fast installation. Its luminous flux can replace the most efficient tungsten halogen lamps, even close to replacement metal halide lamps.

Figure 6.2.2 Suspension rail system, made of aluminium profile with integrated suspension wire and wiring system

6.3 Indoor and outdoor industrial space

The technical operation/work area has completely different lighting operating environment conditions. Lighting fixtures are often installed in complex environments with high ceilings. Replacing parts such as light sources or other maintenance work can be problematic. Therefore, lighting fixtures must meet stringent technical requirements to provide a long service life. In addition, lighting control systems with daylight sensing and personnel sensing can significantly reduce energy consumption in everyday use.

Figure 6.3.1 Industrial lighting

6.4 Office and public space

Office lighting is required to meet all relevant office area requirements of the EN12464-1 standard. We spend most of our time in the office, so illuminance should be appropriate and enjoyable; glare should be minimized to avoid visual interference. We can offer a variety of LED luminaires that can at least compare to different fluorescent luminaires, even exceeding their parameters. In addition to saving energy, user comfort is paramount in office applications (dimming, daylight sensors and motion sensors). We are using LED lighting systems to provide solutions for systems of all levels of demand.

Figure 6.4.1 LED luminaires that can replace traditional light panels, with microprisms to limit glare to the values ​​required by the standard specifications.

Figure 6.4.2 This luminaire shows how a new atmosphere can be created by installing a new LED lighting system. The initial impression of the luminaire is inconspicuous. It is a simple set of "small holes in the ceiling", but the interior of the luminaire hides a well-designed optical lens. The plastic lens focuses the LED light into a small hole in the ceiling and introduces it into the room at a precisely defined angle. The result is that they are an almost invisible, clean architectural lighting system. Another advantage is that there is no glare.

6.5 Hotel and dining space

According to EN12464-1, the lighting requirements of the corridor must be 100-200 lx. Frequent switching shortens the life of traditional light sources, and the life of LED luminaires is not affected by this. The architect's imagination is unrestricted, and they have the opportunity to play with their fantasy – the fixtures are embedded in a way that emphasizes the architectural elements, which produces better results than simple space lighting. Lights are informative, such as focusing on illuminating emergency exits in buildings, guiding for specific targets (in some cases using RGB) and orientation, information bars or promotional media.

Emotional illumination can be achieved using RGB light sources in general lighting. It is also possible to use additional lighting controls and integrate them into other systems. Emergency modules embedded in the luminaire ensure safety.

Figure 6.5.1 LED Downlights for Hotel and Dining Spaces

6.6 Building lighting and urban landscape

Buildings are the first application areas for LEDs due to advantages such as durability, ease of control, low power consumption and long life. Today, LEDs are used almost anywhere. LEDs have so many possibilities, and their implementation depends on the investor's willingness to invest in such installation applications. LEDs create a new look on bridges, facades and other architectural areas. Their great advantage in such applications is their size. LED luminaires can be made very small, and as a result people can hide them in the facade of the building. In this case, they are virtually invisible, which is an advantage when the luminaire is off.

In the past, the use of conventional gas discharge lamps led to the limitations of available color temperature (CCT) - sodium lamp 2000K, metal halide lamp 3000 or 4000K. In order to create colored light, we have to use color filters, which reduces the light output ratio and luminous flux, resulting in more lamps, higher energy consumption, and higher installation and operating costs.

With LED luminaires, the desired output light color can be easily set, with the result that the designer's creative freedom is released. Instantaneous ignition, continuous control of the luminous flux, the possibility of addressing and easy editing of the lighting scene allow people to change the light intensity, relative color temperature (CCT) and RGB colors according to time to create a dynamic lighting system.

Figure 6.6.1 LED lighting design for the manor house in Kittse

Figure 6.6.2 Example of possible LED lighting schemes for modern buildings and TV towers

6.7 Roads, roads and plazas

LED lighting provides better illumination uniformity and a higher color rendering index (CRI) for the street, which increases visibility at night. Compared to traditional road lighting, LED lamps produce high quality lighting (the color rendering index is similar to daylight). It provides a better sense of light, allowing urban surveillance cameras to be better identified. The color rendering index for daylight is 100, whereas the sodium lamp is only 20. The light source color rendering index of LED road lighting is 70-80.

Road lighting LED luminaires ensure a 50% reduction in maintenance costs compared to gas discharge sources. In addition, installing LED luminaires will reduce power consumption by 35-45%. With intelligent dimming that can be achieved with LED technology, we can also achieve further energy savings.

Other benefits of installing LED luminaires are reduced light pollution, optimized spectroscopy, and improved lighting fixture design. The LED lights selectively illuminate the city's monuments and monuments, adding to the city's appeal.

The use of LED technology in road lighting helps to improve energy efficiency, reduce CO2 emissions, and minimize light pollution that negatively affects plants and animals.

Improvements in nighttime visibility are also achieved due to the higher color rendering index, higher color temperature and higher brightness uniformity of the LED. Other advantages of LED road lighting are:

Significantly longer life

Lower energy consumption

Reduced maintenance costs

Instant start, no warm-up or restart delay

No mercury, lead or other known non-recovery hazards

Lower environmental impact

Opportunity to implement programmable control

Figure 6.7.1 Example of road lighting LED luminaire

The lighting of the parking lot should be white, clean and very visible, while at the same time keeping the power consumption as low as possible. These are the reasons why people prefer LED lamps for parking lots. Compared to other light sources such as incandescent or fluorescent lamps, LED luminaires provide clear, clean and brighter lighting.

Key features of parking lot lighting include:

Lighting uniformity

long life

Low power consumption

24 hours running

The possibility of dimming

Low temperature operation (with no reduction in luminous flux)

Figure 6.7.2 Example of parking lot lighting LED luminaire

6.8 Home space

Design is a very important feature for residential luminaires because it is usually the center of the illuminated space; therefore, it also affects our feelings. At home, we need to feel comfortable, so it is important to capture the attention of the person and create a satisfactory environment without losing any functionality.

In order to create such a luminaire, we used all possible functions: from RGB function, through light direction, programming lighting scene, timing setting, to easy control. All of these features together increase user comfort; in addition, mobile sensors, illuminance sensors, and dimming applications save energy. It is also important to mention the safety of public areas. In the event of a power outage, it takes some time (restart delay) for the traditional light source to illuminate again, and the LED light source can be illuminated immediately. Due to the size of the LEDs, we can easily use them where they were not available in the past. For people, the edge of the sidewalk is usually dangerous, and it is time to change. Simply using LED lighting on the edge of the sidewalk is a simple task.

Figure 6.8.1 is used as a central or accent lighting LED fixture in the living room area. The color rendering index CRI of the luminaire is greater than 85. For homes, the combination of warm light and light is typical, creating an attractive lighting system. The system is no different from a fluorescent lighting system. The LED trim surrounds the outer edge of the luminaire reflector, enhancing its design. If there is no one in the area, then only the ring will be lit. The advantage is lower power consumption and 50 times longer than the light source.

6.9 Emergency lighting

Emergency lighting is very important and is required by relevant regulations. Therefore, it belongs to all "correct lighting" application areas. The normal and smooth operation of emergency lighting is necessary for personal safety, allowing people to evacuate safely from the building in case of danger. Many installed emergency lights use incandescent or fluorescent light sources. Depending on its location, emergency lighting can be illuminated for 24 hours a day, but this can result in significant energy consumption. LED-based emergency lighting significantly reduces power consumption.

Emergency lighting standards define two types of emergency lighting – escape route lighting and open area (anti-panic) lighting.

Figure 6.9.1 Example of LED emergency lighting fixtures for escape routes

LED emergency luminaires can be easily handled; in addition, according to emergency standards, luminaires can be tested and controlled by monitoring systems. LED emergency luminaires can be powered by a battery pack placed in the luminaire or from a central battery system (CBS). The advantage is that lower power consumption allows us to use low-capacity batteries, which means the use of cheaper batteries. When powered from a central battery system (CBS), there is no need to maintain emergency luminaires due to their long life.
Part II: High-brightness LED market trend forecast analysis report http://