In the realm of industrial automation, ensuring high reliability is crucial to prevent dangerous situations like unexpected acceleration. When a servo motor is controlled using an analog voltage method, any wiring errors or component failures during operation can cause the control voltage to reach its maximum positive value, which poses a serious risk. This issue is avoided when using pulse signals as the control input.
Pulse and analog signals both offer good resistance to interference, but digital circuits, in particular, have superior anti-interference capabilities compared to their analog counterparts. Despite this advantage, there are limitations when controlling a servo motor with a pulsed signal.
Firstly, the pulse operation mode of the servo driver is typically tied to the position control mode, meaning that the system operates within a fixed framework. Secondly, the communication between the motion controller and the driver must be capable of handling high-frequency pulse signals effectively. These two constraints significantly limit the performance of pulse-controlled servo motors.
One major drawback is the reduced flexibility in control. Since the servo driver operates in position mode, the internal position loop makes it difficult to adjust PID parameters, which limits the ability to achieve higher control performance. From a control theory perspective, this is considered a basic control strategy. If the control program doesn't utilize the encoder feedback, the system essentially becomes open-loop. Even when feedback is used, having two position loops in the system complicates controller design. In practice, feedback is often not fully utilized, and the system may rely on delayed or incomplete feedback information. This kind of open-loop configuration is vulnerable to signal interference between the motion controller and the servo driver.
Another limitation is the relatively low control speed. Pulse-based control methods are generally slower than other control strategies, which can be a disadvantage in applications requiring fast response times. While pulse control offers benefits in terms of noise immunity and simplicity, these inherent limitations make it less suitable for high-performance or dynamic applications. As a result, many advanced systems still prefer analog or more sophisticated digital control methods to achieve better precision, responsiveness, and adaptability.
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