Ensuring high reliability is crucial in preventing speed-related accidents. When a servo motor is controlled using an analog voltage, a wiring error or component failure during operation can cause the control voltage to rise to its maximum positive value, which poses a serious safety risk. This issue is avoided when using a pulse signal as the control input.
Pulse and analog signals both have good resistance to interference, but digital circuits offer superior anti-interference performance that analog systems cannot match. However, controlling a servo motor with pulses also has certain limitations, especially when it comes to the capabilities of the servo drive and motion controller.
One major limitation is that the pulse-based operation of the servo driver is closely tied to the position control mode. Additionally, the communication between the motion controller and the driver must be capable of handling high-speed pulse signals effectively. These two fundamental constraints significantly limit the flexibility and performance of pulse-controlled servo systems.
Firstly, the control flexibility is greatly reduced. This is because the servo driver operates in position mode, with the position loop embedded within it. As a result, adjusting the PID parameters of the system becomes very inconvenient, making it challenging to meet higher performance demands from users. From a control theory perspective, this is considered a basic and low-level control strategy. If the control program does not use the encoder feedback signal, the system essentially becomes an open-loop control. Even when feedback is used, there are two position loops in the system, making controller design complex. In practice, feedback control is often not fully utilized, and the system may rely on delayed feedback for reference, which makes it vulnerable to signal path interference.
Secondly, the control speed is relatively limited. Pulse-based control requires precise timing and synchronization, which can introduce delays and reduce overall responsiveness. This can be a significant drawback in applications where high-speed and real-time control are essential.
In summary, while pulse control offers advantages in terms of reliability and noise immunity, it also introduces challenges related to system flexibility, control complexity, and response speed. Understanding these trade-offs is essential when choosing the appropriate control method for a servo motor application.
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