The problem in KTV renovation is a very complicated one. It involves architecture, structure, acoustics, ventilation, heating, fire protection, lighting, sound, video, etc. It also involves safety, practicality, environmental protection, culture (decoration) and other issues. . The decoration styles of karaoke vary from country to country. China is the country with the most karaoke in the world. The styles of decoration and decoration are different, but the common problem is that the acoustic effect is poor. The KTV with special decoration is the same when we go to sing. There are acoustic defects, which are felt to be very difficult to sing (meaning that the sound system is good) or sounding. In some places, the phenomenon of crosstalk is serious. When many rooms sing, the karaoke room becomes a "pit". A serious KTV site becomes a polluted place for sound and the source of noise. Investors are not willing to do this because they will affect their business. As an audio worker, we are very concerned about this issue. Some of our experts in Beijing have served as design consultants (acoustics or audio) for some entertainment venues, which really played a very good role. The following is a discussion of some common-sense issues as follows.
First, the sound insulation of the room:
Sound insulation is the best way to solve the "crosstalk". In theory, the higher the hardness of the material, the better the sound insulation effect. The most common decoration method is the light steel keel gypsum board partition wall. Although the sound-absorbing cotton is placed in the middle, the sound insulation effect is very poor due to insufficient quality. Most of the KTVs in Beijing use this method of decoration, and the sound insulation effect is very poor. A KTV that is being renovated in Fangzhuang area of ​​Beijing also adopts this decoration method. When the effect of the sound equipment is tested, the crosstalk phenomenon is serious. There is no way for investors to hire an acoustic expert to study the modification plan. The original can be extended only a few days ago. The delay in time has caused incalculable economic losses for investors. Therefore, it is recommended that those who are preparing to decorate karaoke entertainment venues must consider the sound insulation of the room before renovation.
So what materials should be used for soundproof walls?
The economical and practical first choice is 2/4 red brick wall and cement wall on both sides. This partition wall must be built to the top. If you need to go through the ventilation duct or other wiring, you should punch the hole. You should pay attention to the sealing problem of the pipeline. Otherwise, crosstalk can also occur. Followed by sound insulation wall panels, this material is a professional sound insulation material, on both sides is a foamed plastic with sound insulation in the middle of the metal sheet, the greater the thickness of this wall board, the better the sound insulation effect. In some places, due to the weight problem, brick walls or other wall-building methods cannot be used. Only light steel keel gypsum board can be used. Our suggestion is to add a layer of harder cement board to the outside of the gypsum board. This cement board has the same appearance as the gypsum board (the size is similar), but the hardness is much higher than that of the gypsum board. It is a good sound insulation material. It should be noted that the construction process is problematic, especially the part of the gap must be sealed.
The sound insulation effect is checked by normal music in a room, and the attenuation of the sound is measured one meter at the door. For example, the sound pressure level in the room is 90 dB, and the sound pressure level measured at one meter outside the room is 60 dB. Indicates that the sound is 30 dB.
The treatment of the door of the room is also a difficult problem in the decoration design. The processing of the door of the recording studio is professional, the sound insulation effect is very good, but the cost is very high. Usually, the price of a soundproof door is as low as 4 to 5,000 yuan, and more On the million. At present, it is more practical to use a one-piece molding door and a sealing strip on the side of the door. The sound insulation effect of the door closer is not bad (relative to the ordinary door).
The term "social living noise" as used in this Law refers to the noise generated by human activities that interferes with the surrounding living environment in addition to industrial noise, construction noise and traffic noise.
The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Noise Pollution stipulates that in the concentrated areas of noise-sensitive buildings in urban areas, commercial enterprises that cause environmental noise pollution due to the use of fixed equipment in commercial business activities must comply with the regulations of the environmental protection administrative department of the State Council. Report to the local environmental protection administrative department of the local people's government at or above the county level where the equipment causing environmental noise pollution and the facilities that prevent environmental noise pollution; the boundary noise of newly-built commercial cultural and entertainment venues must conform to the national regulations. If the noise emission standard does not meet the environmental noise emission standards stipulated by the state, the administrative department of culture shall not issue a business license; the cultural and entertainment venues in operation shall have effective measures to ensure that the boundary noise does not exceed the national regulations. Noise emission standards; prohibit the use of high-pitched broadcast horns in commercial business activities or other methods of attracting customers with high noise; use air conditioners, cooling towers, etc., which may generate environmental noise, in commercial operations The operation manager shall take measures to make the boundary noise not exceed the national environmental noise emission standards; prohibit any unit or individual from using the high-pitched broadcast horn in the urban noise-sensitive building concentration area; Public places such as plazas and parks organize entertainment, ** and other activities. The use of audio equipment may cause excessive volume that interferes with the surrounding living environment, and must comply with the regulations of local public security organs. Welcome to China Home Theater Network
Second, the room's reverberation:
This problem has always been controversial. Some acoustic experts believe that strong sound absorption is conducive to improving the clarity and sound localization of sound. Some experts believe that sound should be fully diffused to improve the sound and sound of the entire space. I think that clarity and loudness can't be ignored. The sound should be fully spread under the premise of ensuring clarity. I personally oppose the decoration method of "soft bag" in the full room. I have visited many high-end luxury KTVs, and the decoration looks gorgeous, but it is very laborious to sing songs. How much reverberation time should the room be? This problem is related to the size of the room. The larger the room, the longer the reverberation time should be. Some KTV venues design the room into an irregular shape. The sofa and the decoration cleverly solve the sound defects and avoid resonance, resonance and resonance of the sound.
Some audio experts believe that the reverberation problem in the room is not very large, because modern digital technology can completely solve the quality of sound delivery through scientific technical processing. We don't doubt this, but KTV's investment is definitely unacceptable. The length and duration of the reverberation should be relative. Do not deliberately decorate the room into a strong sound absorption type in order to reduce the reverberation. Appropriate sound absorption is necessary, especially the top treatment should not be made into a "cavity" structure, ceiling It should be as high as possible. The larger the room space (cubic meters), the better the sound spread.
When sound waves travel in a KTV room, they are reflected by obstacles such as walls, ceilings, floors, sofas, and decorative items. Each reflection must be absorbed by obstacles. In this way, when the sound source stops sounding, the sound wave is reflected and absorbed multiple times in the room, and finally disappears. We feel that the sound continues for a while after the sound source stops sounding. This phenomenon is called reverberation, and this time is called reverberation time. The length of the reverberation time is an important acoustic characteristic of entertainment venues such as karaoke. ?
For KTV rooms, the reverberation time is obviously not too long. Because the room does not exceed 100 square meters, we usually sing, about 2 to 3 words per second, assuming two words "love you", imagine the reverberation time is 2 seconds, then, in the word "love" After the sound, although the sound intensity gradually weakened, it still lasted for a while (1 second). At the moment when the sound of "you" was issued, the sound strength of "you" was still quite large. Therefore, the sounds of the two words are mixed together and nothing can be heard. However, the reverberation time should not be too short. If it is too short, the loudness is not enough and it is not clear. So you need to choose an optimal reverberation time. Usually the karaoke room reverberation time is between 0.5 and 1 second. If the reverberation time is too short, the concert will be difficult. If the reverberation time is too long, it will affect the clarity of the sound, and it will cause a whistle.
Experienced acoustic experts will skillfully use the changes in the decoration structure and the combination of different materials to solve the acoustic problems of the sound field environment. The decoration we saw in many places did not use the "soft bag" at all, and it was very easy and natural to sing.
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