First, what is a "super light bulb"
Philips Electronic Devices recently introduced a new concept LED lamp called “Super Light Bulb†that consumes 9.7 watts, has an expected working life of 250,000 hours (no mistake, 250,000), and its brightness is the same as that of a 60-watt incandescent lamp. The power saving rate is 83%. The light won the $10 million Grand Prix of the famous 2011 "Lighting Tomorrow" competition in the United States. At present, Philips Electronic Equipment Co., Ltd. is using this bonus to hurry to produce more "super light bulb" supply market, and "super light bulb" will soon be dazzled on the other side of the earth. It is initially expected that the bulb will be put on the market in 2012 at a price of 30 euros and is expected to drop to 7 euros in 10 years. The United States sells 425 million 60-watt bulbs a year. If they are replaced with new "super bulbs", it means saving $3.9 billion worth of energy every year and reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 20 million tons.
Second, the working principle of "super light bulb"
This "super bulb" works by installing an LED light bulb that emits ultraviolet light inside the bulb. The emitted ultraviolet light directly excites the three primary color phosphors sprayed on the outer wall of the bulb to make a dazzling white visible light. It does not require mercury or other substances as an intermediary. It is not only efficient, but also has good color rendering and does not cause mercury pollution to the environment. It can drive light only with low voltage. According to reports, the spectrum of light emitted by the lamp is highly similar to the spectrum of sunlight. This kind of illumination with real sunlight is particularly beneficial for human health. This kind of lamp writer was tried in 2009. At present, China's three primary color phosphors must be excited by ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 253.7 nm to emit visible light. However, LED beads capable of emitting 253.7nm ultraviolet light are too expensive in China. At that time, the price of a single φ5 bead would be nearly 2,000 yuan/only. To make a bulb that can actually light up only 5 watts requires at least 20 This kind of light bead, that is to say, the cost of light bulbs is only about 40,000 yuan. Now this product of Philips Electronic Equipment Co., Ltd. in the United States believes that the future of home-friendly lighting will be pinned on it!
This "super bulb" works differently from the white LEDs we use today. From the perspective of luminous efficiency, this method is much higher. It is less likely to cause light decay when the heat is generated during the illuminating process. Very valuable. There are two main ways of white LED illumination. One is: the LED chip itself emits blue light, and the yellow phosphor is applied to the front of the light-emitting surface of the chip, and the white light is emitted when the blue light and the yellow light are mixed. . There are two main reasons for the low luminous efficiency of this method: 1. The blue light emitted by the LED chip accounts for about 14% of the chip energy according to the report, and more than 50% of the other energy is converted into heat. Moreover, the composition of the ultraviolet light in the blue light is very low, so the fluorescent light can not be fully excited to emit visible light, and only the yellow light can be induced; 2. The yellow light emitted by the fluorescent powder is very weak, so the white light emitted by the white light LED is relatively blue. It is uncomfortable. At the same time, the phosphor also generates heat. This heat is not easily guided out and accumulates in the light-emitting tube. Damage to the LED chip and the phosphor itself will affect the generation of visible light. We call it light decay, and the power is higher. This effect is more obvious. It seems that the light decay caused by this heat is a fatal injury to white LEDs. The second is: RGB three primary color mixing. In this method, three kinds of LED chips of green, red and blue are combined and energized at the same time, and then the emitted green light, red light and blue light are mixed into white light according to a certain ratio. The ratio of green, red, and blue is usually 6:3:1, or a blue chip with a yellow-green two-chip complementary color to produce white light. As long as the current through the respective color chips is stable and the heat dissipation is good, the white light generated by this method is stable and simpler to manufacture than the white light generated as described above. However, since the light decay of the three chips of red, green and blue is different, the driving method (the method of controlling the magnitude of the current through the LED) must take into account that the light decay of different chips is different. Use different currents to compensate, so that the proportion of light emitted is controlled at 6:3:1. In actual operation, it is difficult and the cost is high. Can you use ultraviolet light-emitting tubes to excite phosphors? Apply RGB phosphors on LED UV chips. This method uses ultraviolet light to excite phosphors to produce three primary colors to mix and form white light. It is a good idea. However, the current ultraviolet LED chip and the RGB phosphor are mixed and excited, and the light-emitting efficiency is low, and the epoxy resin used for packaging is easily decomposed and aged under ultraviolet light, thereby lowering the light transmittance. Obviously, this road that encapsulates the UV LED chip and the three primary color phosphors does not work.
Third, the difficulty and hope of making "super light bulbs"
As can be seen from the foregoing, the key to the manufacture of such "super bulbs" depends on the LED beads that emit ultraviolet light. The manufacture of LED beads capable of emitting 253.7 nm of ultraviolet light is very difficult, the cost of raw materials is high, and the manufacturing process is complicated. Currently, no manufacturer in China can manufacture them, and they can only be solved by foreign imports.
The Japan Institute of Physical Chemistry has announced that they have developed a deep ultraviolet light-emitting diode (LED) with a wavelength of 250 nanometers. It has successfully achieved a high output power of 15 milliwatts for the first time in the world, and the electron injection efficiency has increased by 80%. The deep ultraviolet light-emitting diode has a maximum output power of 7 times higher than that of the current similar equipment, and has a good sterilization effect and can decompose harmful substances such as dioxins at a high speed, and has reached a practical level.
High-power deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes with wavelengths between 220 nm and 350 nm are widely used in sterilization, water purification, medical, lighting, and high-speed decomposition of hazardous materials. So far, deep ultraviolet light sources have been dominated by ultraviolet lasers and gas lamps using excimer lasers and gas and solids such as various frequency doubling lasers, but they have the disadvantages of large volume, short life, and high price, which are difficult to practically apply. The use of high-brightness deep ultraviolet LEDs for semiconductors enables miniaturization of device size and low-cost, high-efficiency and long-life UV light sources, and has a broad application prospect.
Aluminum gallium nitride material is considered to be the most ideal deep ultraviolet luminescent material. The researchers achieved the highest in the world by reducing the dislocation density of the aluminum gallium nitride buffer layer and inserting the multi-quantum barrier as an electron block layer into the upper part of the quantum well luminescent layer. Power output. The research results broke the previous understanding that high-violet LEDs could not achieve high efficiency, and successfully achieved UV output power. At the same time, the multi-quantum barrier not only helps the ultraviolet light-emitting elements, but also improves the efficiency of the already practical blue LEDs, green LDs, and LEDs and white LED lamps.
With the new concept lighting of "super light bulb" being lit up in the United States, countries around the world will surely set off a wave of research on this technology. Domestic enterprises should be the first to stand at the forefront of this trend and take the lead in bringing practical and commercialization to the market.
Fourth, some suggestions and views
1. At present, domestic manufacturers have considerable advantages in producing ultraviolet LEDs with wavelengths from 300 nm to 360 nm, and the price is also very low. These manufacturers should set up their own research groups to develop and develop high-power deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes with wavelengths between 220 nm and 300 nm. The return rate is very high and it is worthy of professional manufacturers.
2, tri-color rare earth phosphor is China's strength, we can study the new formula, let the three primary color rare earth phosphors best move the ultraviolet wavelength to 300nm ~ 360nm, in order to adapt to the current Chinese LED manufacturers to produce 300nm ~ 360nm wavelength The advantages of UV LEDs, thereby reducing costs and launching a practical product supply market as soon as possible.
3. Relevant units should pay attention to the patents and standards of "super light bulbs", learn the lessons of passive slaughter in the past, and never fall into other people's patents or standard traps. They are eaten by foreign companies, and they are brutally exploited. .
4. It is recommended to standardize the behavior of all manufacturers in the form of industry associations, take high-quality boutique development roads, stop suicide-type mutual price cuts, compare each other with rudeness, and ruin the industry's reputation for ruining product reputation.
5, using a new generation of home lighting mode, with DC low voltage 35V as the family's general legal voltage, the benefit of this mode is safe, energy-saving, all household lighting does not need voltage conversion, there is no inside the lamp body Transformers and power devices save energy and save a lot of metal materials, which is a good thing for the benefit of future generations.
Edit: Sophy
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