5 2 2 2 Starter and Starter Holder In the GB7000 1 standard, there are two requirements for the class light starter:
Article 45 stipulates that for lamps of the type, when the luminaire is completely assembled according to the state of use, or is opened for replacement of the light source or the starter, when the starter is touched by the standard test finger, only the class used in accordance with the standard QB2276 shall be used. The starter of the luminaire can be inserted into the starter seat; Article 8 2 3 stipulates that for this chapter, only the metal parts of the luminaire that are separated from the live parts by the basic insulation are used as the live parts.
The same applies to the non-current carrying parts of the starter and the base, but does not include the accessible parts when the light is turned on to replace the light source or starter.
For the requirements of 4 5 and 8 2 3, for the luminaires, when the luminaire is installed and used normally, the starter seat for the luminaires specified only in the standard QB2276 should be inserted. GB 20550-2006 Fluorescent starter standard for fluorescent lamps Appendix B for fluorescent lamp lamps gives the requirements for an accessible starter suitable for installation on fluorescent lamps. Correspondingly, the GB1312-2002 tubular fluorescent lamp holder and starter holder (idt IEC 60400: 1999) 10 5 c) and 0a specify and specify the structure and dimensions of the starter seat to which the starter is applied. The structure and structure of the starter for the fluorescent lamp and the starter for the lamp.
Actuator-type fluorescent lamps in fluorescent lamps are suitable for starter lamps. The actuators are characterized by an insulated casing, and the insulating base plate has a pin hole matching the starter seat, which is activated by a type of lamp with a pin. In order to ensure that only the starter of the class can be inserted in the replacement, the normal starter can not be inserted by mistake, because the common starter of the metal case has no pin hole on the bottom plate. This is especially important for luminaires. If the actuator structure of a luminaire cannot guarantee that it can only be inserted into the luminaire's starter, it may be inserted into a normal starter. Such luminaires will not reach 4 or 8 2 3 Relevant provisions for starters in luminaires. However, there are basically no starter seats for the luminaires on the market, and it is hoped that this problem will cause concern for the luminaire manufacturers and related accessory manufacturers. % Normal starter and photo of the launcher for the class luminaire.
The left side of the insulative housing has a pin hole in the base plate of the starter, and there is no pin hole in the metal case starter.
5 2 2 3 non-current-carrying metal parts of fluorescent lamp holders
8 2 3 stipulates that only metal parts of the luminaire that are separated from the live parts by the basic insulation are used as the live parts, that is, the metal parts that are basically insulated are not allowed to be touched. In combination with the requirements of 8 2 1 and 8 2 3, if the metal parts of the starter and the non-current-carrying metal parts of the lamp cap are the outer surfaces of the lamp, it does not meet the requirements of the type of lamp, and when the lamp is turned on for the replacement of the light source or the starter The metal parts of the starter and the non-current carrying metal parts of the lamp cap are accessible.
That is to say, in a luminaire using a double-ended fluorescent lamp, it is unacceptable to expose the metal parts of the lamp cap without using a lamp cover, since the basic insulated metal parts of the lamp cap can be accessed.
For lamps with single-ended compact fluorescent lamps in accordance with IEC 60901, the standard does not require accessibility. From the point of view of single-ended fluorescent lamps sold in the market, in general, the accessible external parts of the lamp cap are generally insulating materials, with the exception of single-ended fluorescent lamps using the G23 cap (there are currently accessible metal parts on the cap parts). . However, unlike double-ended fluorescent lamps, this metal component is usually reinforced and its creepage distance and clearance measurement are in accordance with the distance regulations for reinforced insulation in the luminaire standard.
5 2 2 4 terminal block
A common threaded terminal block is characterized in that it is screwed into the terminal after the terminal is inserted, as shown. According to the requirements of GB7000 1 No. 4 10 2, the insulating opening cannot pass through the requirements of live parts. If the screw terminal block of such a structure is placed outside the lamp, that is, there is no additional insulation outside the terminal block, the lamp does not meet the requirements. Class structure requirements. Since this terminal does not meet the requirements of reinforced insulation, it only meets the structural requirements of basic insulation. According to the requirements of 8.2, the basic insulation cannot be used as the outer surface of the luminaire, so such terminal block can not be used as a part of the luminaire. surface.
5 3 0 lamps changed to % lamps
5 3 1 Class 0 lamps suitable for use with % lamps
In general, the luminaire mainly composed of metal is suitable for changing the threaded terminal block. The opening type does not conform to the type of structure. For example, the type luminaires, such as bracket lights, grille lamps, ceiling lamps and various lanterns, etc. The key to the design of the % luminaire structure is to determine the permanent and reliable components and ground connection structures that need to be grounded in the luminaire.
5 3 2Standard requirements and structures for the implementation of Class-A structural luminaires, many of which cover specific requirements, including those in GB 7000. 1- 2002 and new requirements in GB 7000. 1- 2007. See the main terms involved.
Chapter 7 of the whole chapter is about grounding regulations. The more difficult to grasp the % luminaire is the structural requirements of the metal parts and grounding devices that the luminaire should be grounded.
5 3 2 1 Metal parts that should be grounded
With regard to metal parts that should be grounded, the standard stipulates that metal parts that become accessible when the installation is completed, or accessible for replacement of the light source or replacement of the starter or cleaning, and that the insulation fails may become permanent, Reliably connect to ground or ground contacts.
In addition, it is stipulated that when the insulation fails, it may become a charged metal part of the luminaire. When the luminaire is installed, although it is inaccessible, the metal parts of the luminaire which are easy to contact with the supporting surface should be permanently and reliably connected to the grounding terminal. .
In the structural design, the metal parts that should be grounded in the luminaire should be fully considered. According to different structural characteristics, the insulation failure may become charged. The accessible metal parts are generally divided into the following types: accessible after installation: metal casing, Includes metal cover.
Accessible when replacing the lamp or cleaning and maintenance: lamp holder, reflector, ballast, electrical mounting plate.
In addition, the metal parts of the luminaire that may become charged when the insulation fails may be inaccessible, but the contact bearing surface after installation should also be grounded. Typical examples are the installation of open luminaires, and the internal electrical installation boards and other metal parts.
5 3 2 2 Grounding structural requirements
The key to grounding structure requirements is to achieve permanent and reliable.
The ground contact surface should be a bare metal surface. For example, the bolt grounding terminal on the outer surface of the insulating varnish should be structurally adjusted so that the grounding connection is tightened while the paint layer is scraped off to make physical contact between the outer casing and the grounding screw.
The ground connection should be fully locked to prevent accidental loosening. For example, when a screw terminal is used as the grounding terminal, a spring washer or a star washer can be used to prevent loosening.
Grounding screw terminals cannot be released by hand. For example, a screw that can be loosened without a tool, such as a disk screw, cannot be used.
A grounding terminal or a functional grounding connection for the inner loop of a luminaire, and the grounding terminal and the accessible metal parts shall be separated by double insulation or reinforced insulation.
The accessible metal parts and live parts should be separated by a grounded metal part or a double insulated reinforced insulating part. For example, between an accessible metal reflector and an internal wire, a double insulated internal wire can be selected.
The grounding resistance measured under the standard conditions does not exceed 0.
The threaded grounding screw shall withstand the mechanical strength test of the 4 12 1 connection.
The yellow-green bi-color line is the identification of the grounding conductor and can only be used for grounding connections.
When the self-tapping screws are used as grounding connection screws, two screws are required for each connection. Due to the poor reliability of the self-tapping screw connection, adding one screw per connection increases the reliability.
5 3 2 3 Other regulations related to the grounding structure
When using the bolt terminal as the grounding terminal, care should be taken to prevent the dispersal measures (see 8).
As a grounding continuous connection, it is also used for grounding screws fixed by components such as ballasts. It is an electrical and mechanical connection screw. It should be protected against loosening and should also withstand the screw connection strength test specified in 4 12 1 . .
For luminaires that provide both flexible and flexible cords, the grounded protective conductor shall be part of a flexible cable or cord.
Terminals suitable for use as ground connections include: screw terminals, unthreaded terminals, soldering, fusion welding, crimping, and quick connect when rated current is less than 3A.
Insulation parts in 5 3 2 4 % lamps
Since GB7000 1-2007 deletes class 0, it is necessary to make % A fixed part B gasket or clip C anti-scatter device D conductor space E bolt Note: The parts that hold the conductor in place can be made of insulating material, but clip The pressure required to hold the conductor is not transmitted through the insulating material.
For the example of the anti-scatter structure of the screw terminal (the same as GB7000 1- 2002 13), the relevant metal parts in the luminaire are permanently and reliably grounded. Also note that the non-metallic parts of the luminaires that do not accept basic insulation are also used as the outer surface of the luminaire. In particular, the basic insulated fluorescent lamp holders commonly used in Class luminaires are consistent with the requirements for standard luminaires.
5 4 0 lamps are changed to lamps
5 4 1 is suitable for class 0 lamps
In general, Class 0 lamps made of insulating material should be changed to lamps.
The GB7000 1-2007 standard for luminaires is focused on Chapters 4, 5, 8, 10, and 11, and the numbering of the regulations related to the structure of luminaires is given.
5 4 Basic requirements for Class 2 luminaires The general requirements for luminaires are: protection against electric shock not only depends on basic insulation, but also with additional safety measures such as double or reinforced insulation, without protective earthing or depending on installation conditions.
As with the grounding protection provided by Class luminaires, the double or reinforced insulation provided by the luminaires should be reliable and permanent.
5 4 Insulation measures in Class 3 lamps
The basic requirement of the luminaire is that the protection against electric shock can achieve double insulation or reinforced insulation. The realization of reinforced insulation can be achieved by complying with relevant structural requirements, including mechanical structure and electrical structure. The exception is that the basic insulation of the starter and base is allowed to be accessible when the luminaire is turned on in order to change the bulb or starter.
For an example of the application of basic insulation and additional insulation in a luminaire, see 9.
5 4 4 Reliability of additional insulation and reinforced insulation
5 4 4 1 The additional insulation or reinforced insulation assembly gaps provided by the luminaires and their gaps shall be in accordance with the standard. A mounting gap with an additional insulation greater than 0 3 mm width may not coincide with any such substantially insulated gap, and a similar gap for reinforced insulation may not pass through the live parts.
Such as 10.
5 4 4 2 Double insulated or reinforced insulation openings shall not pass directly to live parts. Such openings are permitted if the tapered test piece shown in 1 does not touch the live parts.
5 4 4 3 metal case lighting
Considering that the mounting surface may be a metal material, in order to meet the insulation requirements of the luminaire, the metal casing luminaire shall: prevent the basic insulation of the luminaire from contacting the mounting surface;
Prevent contact between accessible metal parts and basic insulation; capacitors between the live parts of the luminaires and the metal case are not connected, and capacitors that suppress interference and switches that comply with IEC61058-1 are excluded.
5 4 5 Persistence of additional insulation and reinforced insulation
Components in the luminaire that serve as reinforced or additional insulation include: bushings, insulating gaskets and bushings.
The additional insulation and reinforced insulation components in the luminaires are fixed and will not move without being severely damaged, or they may not be placed back in an incorrect position.
When the bushing is used as an additional insulation on the internal wiring and the insulating gasket is used as an additional insulation for the external or internal wiring in the lampholder, the bushing or gasket should be secured in place by a reliable method.
Examples of the use of reinforced or additional insulation: The internal wiring of a luminaire has a live conductor and, when exposed to accessible metal parts under normal operating conditions, at least the insulation at the contact shall comply with voltage-dependent double or reinforced insulation. Requirements, such as the use of sheathed cables or bushings; flexible cables or cords entering or leaving a luminaire or luminaire where the internal wiring is to pass through accessible metal parts or through metal parts in contact with accessible metal parts, the openings shall Provide a sturdy insulating bushing with smooth rounded corners; bushings with sharp edges that do not age over time can be used.
5 4 Electrical requirements for Category 6 lamps and electrical requirements for electrical construction lamps include insulation strength, creepage distance and clearance.
Insulation resistance, electrical strength and leakage current GB7000 1-2007 The principle of insulation resistance and electrical strength requirements for luminaires is that double insulation and reinforced insulation have the basic insulation plus additional insulation. Regarding the tidal insulation resistance, the tidal insulation resistance of the basic insulation and the additional insulation should not be lower than 2M, so the insulation resistance of the double insulation and the reinforced insulation should not be lower than 4 M; and for the tidal electrical strength, at 2U+ 1000 Under (V) voltage, the basic insulation should not fail. Under 2U+ 1750(V) voltage, the additional insulation should not fail. Under 4U+ 2750(V) voltage, double insulation and reinforced insulation should not fail.
The leakage current value of the luminaires should be no more than 0 5 mA, and the weighted escaping current of the % type movable luminaire should be no higher than 1 mA, and the weight of the fixed type luminaires with a rated input of not more than 1 kVA The sensing and reaction current should be no higher than 1 mA.
Creepage distance and clearance GB7000 1-2002 Chapter 11 specifies the creepage distance and clearance of the luminaire. According to the different parts of the luminaire, the distance requirements of basic insulation, additional insulation and reinforced insulation should be respectively specified. GB7000 1 Appendix M and 1 1, 1 2 and 1 3, and GB7000 1- 2002 publicity materials.
6 conclusion
Standards are constantly improving with the development of science and technology. The revision and revision of international standards has been in progress. As a member of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), China's electrical standards are increasingly adopting IEC standards. The national standard GB7000 1 is equivalent to IEC60598-1. Important luminaire basic standards, so the update of IEC60598-1 has always been an important technical information of the luminaire standardization technical committee. At present, the general safety requirements and tests for GB7000 1-2007 luminaires equivalent to IEC60598- 1:2003 have been submitted for approval and will be released soon.
By introducing the important changes in the GB7000 1-2007 standard, it is the original intention of this paper to enable all parties concerned to understand the information in time and fully prepare the corresponding technical preparations.
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