Abstract: This paper introduces the ZigBee wireless sensor network and applies ZigBee technology to smart home systems . A smart home system design based on ZigBee technology is proposed. The overall composition of the wireless sensor network is expounded. The CC2430 wireless chip is taken as the core, and the appropriate ZigBee module is selected for the hardware circuit design. Researched and analyzed the ZigBee technology. The serial port transceiver program, the sensor program, and the wireless communication program between the nodes are designed and implemented. According to the ZigBee protocol, the nodes form a tree network, and finally the system monitoring and control is realized. The results show that the system is stable in operation, has achieved the design goal, and has broad application prospects.
Keywords: smart home; wireless sensor network; ZigBee; CC2430
With the development of the times, people have paid more attention to the safety, comfort and convenience of the living environment, and the concept of smart home has emerged. The smart home control system enables people to digitally control any electrical appliance in the home. It uses computer technology and network communication technology to organically combine various equipment related to home life to centrally manage and make home life more comfortable and safe. ,effective. This paper uses ZigBee technology to carry out wireless network networking inside the smart home. Through the design of ZigBee wireless sensor network node, the node collects, transmits and controls various sensor information.
1 Zigbee technology
ZigBee technology is a short-range wireless network technology that emphasizes extremely low power consumption and low cost, and complies with the IEEE802.15.4 standard. It focuses on low-rate transmission control, large network capacity, short delay, and provides data integrity check. The encryption algorithm uses AES-128, and the network has strong scalability. The effective coverage is 10~75 m, depending on the actual transmit power. Depending on the application mode, it can basically cover the normal home environment, and the communication frequency uses the 2.4 GHz license-free band.
ZigBee is a set of technical standards related to networking, security and application software developed based on the IEEE802.15.4 wireless standard. IEEE 802.15.4 only defines the MAC layer and the physical layer protocol, while the ZigBee Alliance standardizes its network layer and application layer. The ZigBee Alliance has also developed a layer of security to ensure that such portable devices do not accidentally leak their identity, and that such long-distance transmissions over the network are not available to other nodes.
2 system structure design
The wireless sensor network system is mainly composed of sensors and CC2430 wireless modules. The structure diagram is shown in Figure 1.
The wireless sensor network adopts a tree structure, and there is a coordinator in the network, which is responsible for data processing, forwarding, and network management in the entire network. After the power-on reset of the terminal node (sensor node), the coordinator node is searched. When the coordinator can be searched, it directly applies to join the network. When the terminal node cannot find the coordinator, then the coordinator is found by the router node to join the network.
After joining the network, it keeps the standby state. When there is data to be sent, the data information is sent and received according to the path when the network is connected. The coordinator is connected to the PC through the serial port, and uses the HyperTerminal to implement sending commands or displaying data.
3 hardware circuit design
The hardware structure of the wireless sensor network system designed in this paper is mainly composed of the coordinator module, the router module, the sensor module, the serial port conversion module, the power supply module and the PC. Among them, three modules of coordinator, router and sensor are used as the main wireless communication module, and the main control chip CC2430 is used as data processing and wireless transceiver. The schematic diagram of the system hardware circuit structure is shown in Figure 2.
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