The US Department of Transportation introduced new safety regulations in December 2011 to help eliminate blind spots behind vehicles that make it difficult for drivers to see pedestrians behind the car – especially young children. This regulation makes video-based car safety systems This emerging field has become the focus of public attention. The proposed reversing visibility rule was enacted by Congress and is part of the 2007 Child Traffic Safety Act (KT Safety Act), a two-year-old accidentally killed by his father in his own driveway. The boy is named. A reversing accident caused approximately 300 deaths and 18,000 injuries each year.
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The recently introduced bill requires the rear detection function of the car, using new technologies such as video cameras installed at the rear to allow the driver to "see" the rear of the vehicle. The bill calls for the expansion of the necessary visibility of all passenger cars, trucks, minivans, buses, and low-speed vehicles so that drivers can directly see the rear of the vehicle when reversing. According to relevant regulations, 10% of new cars must meet the new regulations in September 2012, and 40% of new cars will meet these requirements in September 2013. All new vehicles must meet the standards in September 2014. Some vehicles are now available with a surround-safe system that displays a 360-degree view of all objects around the vehicle.
The rise of rearview systems helps improve safety
To meet the new standards, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) expects automakers to install video cameras and in-car displays at the rear. According to NHTSA's initial assessment, the rear view (RV) system has more potential for improving tail visibility, superior to sensor-based rear object detection systems and rear convex mirrors.
The rear view system represents the latest development in driver-assisted safety systems, integrating automotive infotainment technology with communication technology. In the United States and around the world, more and more cars are already equipped with a rear view system that allows the driver to see a large area behind the vehicle through the video image of the rear video displayed in the car. Users can also purchase a reversing rear view system separately, with a retail price of approximately $60 to $200.
Rear view system design challenge
Designers of reversing rear view systems must focus on performance issues and stability reliability to meet the stringent requirements of automotive manufacturers. For new users, the rearview camera must be as small as possible for seamless installation in the vehicle's current body structure. Designers of OEM systems have an urgent need to reduce some of the electronic components of rear view cameras. However, the use of ICs to reduce numerous discrete electronic components through integration helps to reduce overall assembly size. For example, the new rearview camera from leading manufacturers combines high-speed video reconstruction filters with battery short-circuit protection in one package, reducing the space required by 90% compared to equivalent discrete solutions. Space is even more critical for a surround vision security system that uses four or more cameras per car in the future.
The second pressing design issue focuses on the stability of the signal chain, as the rear view system must be indestructible. Must have a stable signal chain, withstand overvoltage conditions up to 18 V, and ESD-enhanced, uninterrupted operation with large common-mode voltage noise. Since video, ground, and battery signals are all transmitted over the same long cable, one of the most serious failures for any video signal is a direct short circuit to the battery voltage. This short circuit of the battery not only damages the rear view or surround system, but also damages the more expensive host video system.
In addition, there are a variety of sources of transient noise: wipers, power windows, AC compressor motor on and off – all of which can cause chassis ground currents and voltage spikes, resulting in common-mode error voltages that can be severely damaged Depending on the system. These sources of noise can degrade image quality and even destroy electronic systems. Any interference other than conventional video signals can be considered as noise, but regardless of the source of the interference, the car manufacturer expects the OEM to comply with the stringent requirements for stability. The most common unwanted voltage surges come from electrostatic discharge (ESD), which is the rapid and high current transfer of static charges. ESD can permanently damage electronic systems. While most manufacturers have installed protection mechanisms, ESD-enhanced integrated circuits offer a higher level of stability.
New automotive op amps and analog video filter ICs, such as Analog Devices' ADA4830 family of differential amplifiers and ADA4433/32 series of video reconstruction filters, integrate battery short-circuit protection, large common-mode rejection, and ESD resistance in a small package Subject to performance. These devices integrate a wide range of costly and bulky discrete components such as capacitors, diodes, transistors and switches to protect standard op amps. The fault detection outputs of these new integrated amplifiers and video filters enable proactive and fast diagnostics, eliminating discrete electronics, allowing system designers to reduce component cost by approximately 20% while saving up to 90% of PCB area – for current This is a very important feature in the case of rear view systems and future surround safety systems.
In just a few years, the rear view and the surround system will be put into practical use in all cars. Rear view system designers can now use integrated ICs to save space, time and resources. These ICs also provide critical overvoltage protection, excellent image quality, low power consumption and diagnostics. Most importantly, a new generation of rear view and communication systems helps to eliminate the tragedy of reversing deaths in the United States and around the world. Stable video amplifier integrated circuits (ICs) are coming soon to meet automotive rear-view regulations and increasing overhead safety standards; the new ICs prevent battery voltage shorts in sensitive video circuits in the device and reduce the occurrence of car accidents.
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