Europe and the United States, the total mobilization of 5G battle over the battle

The 3GPP has set a 5G standard to start this year and hopes to commercialize 5G by 2020. At this stage, government organizations, research institutes and important telecommunications companies such as Verizon, NTT DOCOMO, Korea Telecom, etc. have laid out 5G, and strive to become a 5G commercial locomotive.

Although 4G can still cope with the demand for mobile Internet access today, in order to load the Internet of Things (IoT), machine-to-machine (M2M) network requirements, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), and The advanced countries in Europe, America and Asia are all starting to develop 5G development plans, and are determined to transfer 5G in 2020.
ITU establishes 5G time-course 3GPP standard development to start this year

In front of the world, the general imagination of 5G is that there is a high-speed mobile network at every moment and every place. In addition to 5G, it can bring more convenient mobile communication, and can realize smart family, intelligent transportation, wisdom education and wisdom. New applications such as agriculture, smart healthcare and virtual reality.

The EU Action and Wireless Communication Network Driver Program (METIS) concept for 5G is direct device-to-device networking (D2D), ultra-reliable communication, ultra-dense network (UDN), large-scale machine communication (eg Internet of Things), mobile networks (such as V2V).

Compared with 4G, 5G has a network traffic surge of 1,000 times, networked devices grow 10 to 100 times (5,500 billion units), peak transmission rate reaches 10 Gbit/s, and related devices have lower latency and lower power consumption. (with 10 years battery life).

In order to increase the traffic of 5G network by a thousand times, Zhou Shengmeng, deputy director of the Institute of Industrial and Commercial Technology and the Secretary General of the Taiwanese Industry Standards Association (TAICS), believes that it can enhance spectrum efficiency, spread spectrum and increase network density. Degree to achieve.

In terms of improving spectral efficiency, large-scale multiple input multiple output (Massive MIMO), co-frequency simultaneous full duplex (CCFD), Network MIMO and beamforming (Beamforming) technologies can be used; spread spectrum can be shared by dynamic spectrum (Dynamic) Spectrum Sharing), LAA/LWA/LSA, millimeter wave (mmWave), carrier aggregation (CA), etc.; while increasing network density, you can use SON, C-RAN, etc., through the above three-oriented technology, it is expected to be large Increase network capacity.

In order to achieve 5G by 2020, relevant international organizations have also begun to set standards. Zhou Shenglan said that in June 2015, the ITU has announced the fifth-generation mobile communication plan, IMT-2020, detailing the future 5G demand and timetable. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, 3GPP will start discussing 5G in early 2016. Standard, and set 5G standard at the end of 2018, and reach the 5G business target in 2020.


Figure 1 IMT-2020's eight requirements for 5G networks Source: ITRI

Figure 2 IMT-2020 Timeline Source: Li Yongtai, deputy director of the Institute of Industry and Technology, Institute of Industry and Technology, further pointed out that 3GPP held its first 5G workshop in September 2015, and it is expected to complete the 5G standard in R14, R15 and R16. Formulated and expected to submit specifications to ITU-R by the end of 2019. From the perspective of 3GPP, the organization will perform 4G LTE and 5G at the same time, so the R14 version will include 4G and 5G technologies. It is reported that the tentative 5G standard development schedule of this organization is as follows. After the release of R13 in March 2016, each subsequent version will be launched about five quarters, meaning that R14 will appear in June 2017 and will be offered in September 2018. R15, 2019 R16 was released.

It is worth noting that 5G will include LTE evolution technology and new 5G technology. Zhou Shenglan explained that the technical focus on LTE evolution includes eFD-MIMO/CoMP, Dynamic Beam-Cell, eD2D, eMTC, Multi-RAT, Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Access (DSA), Latency Reduction, etc.; 5G new technology Focus on millimeter wave and channel modeling (Channel Modeling), beamforming / beam tracking (Beamtracking), phase array antenna (Phased Array Antenna), orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), Massive Connectio, UDN, Network MIMO, C- Technologies such as RAN, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Network Slicing.

In addition to international organizations began to develop 5G standards, European and American telecom operators, communication equipment vendors and academic research units have already invested in 5G layout, and the preemptive card 5G market.

European production / learning / research combined push 5G US Verizon real field test ahead

Europe promoted METIS project development 5G as early as 2012, and established 5GPPP (5G Public-Private Partnership) in 2014. According to the National Experimental Research Institute, the 5GPPP's overall budget is 1.4 billion euros. It is intended to combine the European ICT industry, SMEs and the European Commission to promote 5G technology research and industrial development in Europe, in order to accelerate the development of 5G in Europe. It is reported that 5GPPP's "Horizon 2020" project is expected to receive 20% of the standard essential patent (SEP) and 35% market share at 5G. In addition, Ericsson, the European telecommunications equipment supplier, has also established a 5G project to combine the major players, the public sector and top universities in Europe to enhance European 5G competitiveness and network-based social benefits. It is reported that the research and development partners of this project include Italy's Pisa Santa Ana High School, Germany's Dresden University of Technology, Madrid, Spain, Carlos III University, Spain's Madrid IMDA network research institute and King's College of Cambridge, London, UK. Industry partners such as German wiseSense, Weiss Robotics, MyOmega System Technology and Italy Zucchetti Centro Sistemi. The project will implement industry pilot projects for 5G solutions in a variety of sectors, including automotive and transportation, the Internet of Things, energy and power, public safety, public infrastructure and retail.

Compared with Europe, the government, industry, academia and research community work together to develop 5G, the United States in the 5G development is dominated by manufacturers such as chip maker Qualcomm, telecommunications operator Verizon. Verizon (Fig. 3), the first 4G telecom operator, announced that it will conduct 5G field test in the US in 2016 and 5G in 2017. At this stage, it is actively working with Cisco, Nokia, and Qualcomm. ), Samsung (Samsung) cooperation. In addition to Europe and the United States, Asia is also doing its part in the 5G competition this time, and wants to win the 5G voice. The current Asian 5G outpost has been launched, including China, South Korea and Japan.


Figure 3 US telecommunications provider Verizon wants to start 5G field testing in 2016. Image source: Verizon
China launches 5G technology research and development test Japan and South Korea fight for Olympics national strength China established the IMT-2020 (5G) promotion group in 2013, and the group released the 5G vision and demand white paper in 2014. Recently, China has launched 5G technology R&D trials, and announced that it will be divided into three phases in 2016-2018: 5G key technology test, 5G technology solution verification and 5G system verification to launch 5G network technology R&D test. In addition, Chinese communication equipment manufacturers such as Huawei and ZTE are also actively participating in 5GPPP, and Huawei is also teaming up with Russian telecom operator MegaFon to build a 5G experimental network in the 2018 World Cup.

In addition to China's efforts to develop 5G, Japan and South Korea have also come to support the Olympic Games, and have joined hands with industry players to develop 5G, hoping to become a 5G leader. For example, NTT DOCOMO, a Japanese telecommunications company, has demonstrated 5G at the Tokyo Olympics in 2020. It has already cooperated with Nokia, Ericsson, Fujitsu and Huawei (Figure 4); South Korea's Korea Telecom and China Huawei are also actively conducting 5G trials (Figure 5). .


Figure 4 In order to provide 5G services for the Tokyo Olympics in 2020, NTT DOCOMO has actively joined forces with equipment manufacturers to conduct trials. Image source: NTT DOCOMO Facebook official website

Figure 5 KT shows 5G in Pyeongchang Winter Olympics in 2018, and has fully sprinted 5G development. Image source: Korea Telecom
The relevant 5G organizations in the above two countries have also been active. For example, the Japan Radio Industry Association (ARIB) launched its 5G layout in 2013, and released a 5G white paper in 2015 to announce the 5G of the 2020 Tokyo Olympics; while South Korea announced the 5G operation in 2013. The communication promotion strategy and the establishment of the 5G Forum (5G Forum) will work with the EU in 2016 to enhance the South Korean 5G Forum and 5GPPP cooperation.

However, both Japan and South Korea want to showcase the 5G system through world sports events. It is also the most optimistic country in Asia to enter the 5G business. In Japan and South Korea, who can get ahead?

Zheng Kairen, assistant researcher of the Policy Research Group of the Science and Technology Policy Research and Information Center of the National Experimental Research Institute, said that 3GPP originally expected to release R13 in 2015, but the time limit was extended to 2016, so the follow-up version is also likely to be postponed, so Japan and South Korea want to grab The Pyeongchang Winter Olympics or the Tokyo Olympics show 5G, which is more than the essence. At that time, the two countries may only show a few technologies that meet the 5G standard.

Zhou Shenglan observed that since the relevant standards were formulated and started at the beginning of 2016, the first version of the 5G standard was only decided in 2018. From the time course, Korea wants to show the standard 5G system in Pyeongchang Winter Olympics in 2018. Easy, the country will encounter higher challenges; and Japan, through cooperation with global manufacturers, will have a chance to showcase 5G systems at the Tokyo Olympics in 2020, but will showcase commercial 5G systems or pre-commercial 5G systems. Even the prototype system needs to be closely followed.

"The weak wait for the opportunity, the strong makes the opportunity." Mrs. Julie's famous saying seems to have drawn the best annotation for the current 5G competition. Faced with 5G, and even potential applications behind the business opportunities - Internet of Things, whether it is any country or manufacturer in Europe and the United States, strive to become an early bird, come to the 5G pie.