With the continuous advancement of human society, people's perfect pursuit of material life and spiritual life, the world of modern lighting technology has been widely accepted and applied. Lighting has become one of the important symbols of modern civilization in a city and region. .
According to the spirit of the document of the State Economic and Trade Commission, the Ministry of Construction, and the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on "Promoting China's Green Lighting Projects", energy conservation and environmental protection, as an important industrial policy of China, will definitely have important realities for infrastructure and renovation projects. Guiding significance.
At present, China is in the process of welcoming the green Olympics, improving the office, learning and living environment, introducing green and efficient lighting products in a timely manner, effectively improving energy efficiency, protecting the environment, improving lighting quality and modernization in new construction and renovation projects. It is imperative to create a good office, study and living environment by internationalization.
The choice of modern lighting design and lighting products is to make full use of science and rational use of energy; to directly or indirectly serve humanity. Under the circumstances of fully considering the characteristics of modern building environment and lighting characteristics, the focus is on the scientific selection of the core components of lighting appliances. The quality of lighting, operating costs, building safety, office work, student learning efficiency, equipment and equipment after use. Detecting data and having a vital impact on the pollution and personal injury of the power grid. For example, medical testing and diagnosis conclusions directly affect the treatment and health of patients; therefore, it should be highly valued.
At present, the indoor lighting source is mainly fluorescent lamps; the lighting has two ways: an inductive ballast and an electronic ballast. The following is a comprehensive comparison of the use of high-performance electronic ballasts with magnetic ballasts and common electronic ballasts:
First, compared with the magnetic ballast:
1. High efficiency and energy saving:
The magnetic ballast operates at a frequency of 50 Hz.
The operating frequency of the electronic ballast is 20~50KHZ, and the luminous efficiency of the lamp is increased by 10% compared with the power frequency at high frequency. Therefore, the brightness of the electronic ballast is higher than that of the magnetic ballast; the electronic ballast itself consumes less power. For example, in the same brightness, the electronic ballast saves about 20~30% compared with the magnetic ballast. In the case of the magnetic ballast, the indoor temperature rise is increased, and the electricity cost for the air conditioning to be cooled in summer is not counted.
See attached table "3AAA brand high performance electronic ballast and magnetic insulation of magnetic ballast"
The use of high-performance electronic ballasts can save 2 to 3 months of electricity bills compared to high-quality magnetic ballasts, which can gradually recover the cost of lamps and reduce the operating costs of the property.
2, comfortable:
Inductive ballasts can produce stroboscopic phenomena, working in this environment, learning visual fatigue. It is easy to produce illusions on rotating objects at high speed, and there are hidden dangers.
At the same time, the magnetic ballast emits 50HZ low-frequency noise, which is irritating.
For example, when the hospital otolaryngology listening room is illuminated by fluorescent lamps, electronic ballasts should be used to prevent misdiagnosis; when using fluorescent lamps in the ward and waiting hall, it is not advisable to use magnetic ballasts, mainly considering stroboscopic and noise. The patient's discomfort.
The use of electronic ballasts can eliminate stroboscopic and protect eyesight. The market-oriented student eye-protection lamps are designed and manufactured with electronic ballasts equipped with three primary color lamps.
High-performance electronic ballast without stroboscopic, no noise, eye protection, and use with three primary color lamps, good color rendering, vivid color; high luminous efficiency; low light decay; comfort; purification work, study, living environment ;Improve work efficiency.
3. Security:
Due to its large power consumption, the magnetic ballast converts electricity into heat energy, and the surface temperature rises. Especially when the voltage fluctuation of the power grid is high, the temperature can reach 120~130 °C, which becomes a fire hazard. Such accidents occur.
The magnetic ballast starts normal operation above +10 °C, and it is difficult to start below -5 °C; the grid voltage is lower than 180V and it is difficult to start normally; because it can not be started once, it is easy to damage the cathode of the lamp and shorten the life of the lamp.
The inductance ballast has a low power factor of about 0.4~0.6, which causes a large amount of reactive power to increase the lighting line current and transformer capacity, thereby greatly increasing the line and transformer losses, increasing the power loss and reducing the lighting quality. The operation of the grid poses a threat. After the compensation capacitor is installed, the harmonic current is obviously increased, which causes interference and harm to the power grid and other instruments in the network.
High-performance electronic ballast power factor ≥ 0.97, only about 3% of reactive power loss, reactive power saving more than 45%; small harmonic content, the input current waveform distortion is small, almost no pollution to the power grid; and can reduce power supply Capacity expansion of equipment.
The electronic ballast adapts to the wide voltage working range and can work normally in the environment of -10 °C ~ +50 °C, safe and highly reliable.
The high-performance electronic ballast has a protective effect on the lamp. The number of lamp switches can reach more than 10,000 times. The lamp head has no obvious blackening. In addition to ensuring the nominal life of the lamp, it can extend the life of the lamp by 1.3 to 1.5 times.
4. Environmental protection:
Inductive ballasts generate transient high-voltage pulses due to the use of mechanical starters, which can interfere with home appliances and other electrical equipment.
With the use of magnetic ballasts, the voltage is too high, too low will shorten the life of the lamp, and the waste of waste lamp recycling will cause mercury leakage and bring secondary pollution.
High-performance electronic ballasts extend the life of the lamp, saving the cost and labor of frequent lamp replacement, which is economical and environmentally friendly.
To sum up, for the new construction and renovation projects, the magnetic ballast should be completely negated under the conditions of project capital operation and economic conditions.
Second, the comparison of ordinary electronic ballasts
Electronic ballast is a high-tech product developed on the basis of electronic "ballast" technology and transistor switching power supply technology. It is a specific product application of lamp electronics. It integrates optical, electrical and magnetic technologies into one, the main technology. The problem is function and reliability. It is developed to meet national standards and is suitable for domestic consumption. It is more difficult to have market competitiveness and good cost performance.
Since the electronic ballasts have been in the market for more than ten years, they have received widespread attention due to their high efficiency, no stroboscopic, no noise, and have developed rapidly. However, due to the quality of the products, there are many problems in function and reliability: power Low factor, high harmonic content, poor electromagnetic compatibility; low output power, low lamp brightness, low energy efficiency, high power consumption, high temperature, especially short service life, large area group lights, serious pollution to the power grid; Mutual self-excitation, resulting in damage to the ballast, causing great losses to consumers; seriously damaging the overall image of the electronic ballast; causing the electronic ballast to save electricity and not have the bad effect of saving money. In recent years, the principle of electronic ballasts and the development and production level of electronic components have been improved overall, and many excellent products have emerged in China.
There are many instruments and equipment (including cardiac pacemakers) that are highly sensitive to electromagnetic disturbances in the hospital. The electromagnetic environment belongs to Class A industrial environment, so the electromagnetic compatibility design must be provided in the selection of lighting electrical ballasts. The H-class ordinary high-power factor electronic ballast that passed the Great Wall certification has no electromagnetic compatibility design, high harmonic content, and easily interferes with medical equipment, so it is not suitable for use. The choice of using electronic ballasts in hospitals should focus on its function and reliability, focusing on whether it is certified by EMC and has good electromagnetic compatibility.
Electromagnetic compatibility design is to limit the electromagnetic frequency of electrical and electronic devices or systems to the allowable frequency range to protect the electromagnetic environment (including the power network), while not reducing the operating performance in the electromagnetic disturbance environment. Ability.
Electromagnetic compatibility consists of electromagnetic susceptibility (EMS) and electromagnetic disturbance (EMI).
Electromagnetic disturbances are formed by radio disturbances, harmonic currents, voltage fluctuations, and flicker.
The electromagnetic disturbance wave emits an electromagnetic disturbance wave to the surrounding space by transmitting a disturbance power supply network along the power line. Radio disturbances are high frequency disturbances; harmonics, voltage fluctuations and flicker are low frequency disturbances.
(1) Electromagnetic disturbance: It mainly affects the conduction and radiation effects and personal injury of equipment and equipment connected in the same power grid and surrounding equipment.
1. Fluorescent lamp is a kind of low-pressure discharge lamp. After low-pressure mercury gas ionization, strong short-wave radiation is generated, so that the phosphor coated on the pipe wall is excited by light, so the fluorescent lamp operated by gas discharge is a typical source of electromagnetic disturbance. The solution is to use a grid lamp to eliminate the electric field radiated by the lamp itself.
2. Due to the rapid oscillation of the internal switch tube, the electronic ballast will inevitably feed back some high-frequency noise into the power grid. In some cases, it may cause serious radiation disturbance. The original Great Wall certification H-class standard electronic ballast is not Designing a high-frequency filter, causing high-frequency signals to leak out and being conducted and radiated through the power line, causing interference to electromagnetic disturbance high-sensitivity medical equipment (including cardiac pacemakers), directly affecting the accuracy of the test report, and even causing personal injury. Such accidents have occurred.
(2) High harmonic content: mainly destroys the normal work of the power system.
Various gas discharge lamps and associated electronic ballasts are the main source of harmonics in the lighting system. General performance electronic ballasts, because there is no corresponding harmonic suppression measures, the harmonic content is large. The hazards are as follows:
1. Excessive harmonic currents cause additional losses in the lighting circuit and transformer, which is unfavorable for energy saving.
2. The third harmonic and odd wave of each phase are superimposed on the neutral line of the distribution line, causing the current of the neutral line to be too large, which makes the neutral line overheat and easily cause a fire accident.
3. Harmonics cause the transformer of the power supply line to overheat, and the equipment connected to the same power system, especially the inductive equipment such as the air conditioner motor, generates high heat, reduces service life and generates noise.
4. If the harmonics are too large, the power factor of the lighting system will be reduced.
5. Bring interference and harm to the power grid and communication and information systems, such as telephone noise, computer malfunction, mis-display, TV image deterioration, and some protection devices malfunction.
Pay particular attention to harmonic content when using electronic ballasts for large group lights.
It can be seen that while ordinary electronic ballasts are beneficial to human beings, if electromagnetic compatibility is not designed: high-frequency filters and harmonic suppression measures, it will also bring harm to human health and the environment.
On August 1, 2003, the state implemented mandatory CCC certification for 19 categories of 132 products including lighting appliances. The production of electronic ballasts must pass EMC electromagnetic compatibility certification. In the environment where there are many instruments and equipments in the hospital and high electromagnetic compatibility requirements, it is necessary to focus on the EMC electromagnetic compatibility certification and qualification review, including: certification product model, specification test report and certification documents. If conditions permit, the inspection and sealing can be organized to ensure the quality of the project.
In addition, the choice of electronic ballast should also pay attention to the following aspects:
1. Lamp current peak coefficient control:
The life of a fluorescent lamp depends on the emission capability of the cathode of the lamp. The lamp current crest factor is an important indicator affecting the cathode emission capability and the emission current stability. The national standard stipulates that the control is at ≤1.7, the lamp current crest factor is high, the lamp cathode is damaged, the lamp blackening time is accelerated, and the life is inevitable. The lamp current crest factor is too large and will bring additional flicker.
2, abnormal protection function:
When the electronic ballast is used with the lamp, there will be abnormal conditions such as lamp leakage, inactivation, non-activation, and excessive current of the main circuit. In order to prevent the ballast from being damaged, an abnormal protection function is set, which occurs in the lamp. When abnormal, the ballast is automatically turned off to ensure the performance and reliability of the product.
3. Over current and voltage control:
Various harmonic and noise pollution in the power grid (such as instantaneous high voltage, high energy pulse), as well as lightning overcurrent impact, etc. will directly affect or damage the switch tube, capacitor, etc., for which protection needs to be set.
4. Reduce the temperature rise:
The temperature rise of the ballast mainly comes from the power consumption generated by the semiconductor components and heat: the temperature rise is increased, and the life is reduced. When designing, the power consumption should be minimized and the efficiency should be improved: the electrical efficiency of the excellent electronic ballast is over 90%.
The use of professional electronic insulating glue sealing can reduce the overall temperature rise of the product, prevent water, dust and other debris from entering the product damage caused by short circuit caused by moisture, further improve the reliability of the product, and also avoid the transportation shock and impact. Damage.
5, wide voltage working range:
In some areas of China, the voltage changes greatly, and the power supply quality is poor: the electronic ballast should be able to adapt to the normal work of the grid change.
6. Enterprise qualification and after-sales service review:
On the basis of realizing all the above functions and performances, we implement a complete set of quality management assurance system from materials, production processes to finished products to ensure the reliability, consistency and stability of the overall work of the products and the excellent after-sales service is of high quality. Guarantee of good reputation.
7. Performance assessment The electronic ballast industry is easy to enter, but it is difficult to scale up and scale. It should be in line with the national performance indicators and EMC electromagnetic compatibility, with market competitiveness and good cost performance. The reliability of the group light effect.
With the bidding for the Olympic bid and China's entry into the WTO, the demand for domestic high-end electronic ballasts has increased, due to the high price of imported products: bringing vitality to the development of the domestic market for some domestically produced high-quality products.
Our company has been committed to the development of green lighting electrical products for many years. The 3AAA brand lighting products produced have passed the mandatory CCC certification in China. The EAA and EBA series have passed CE certification and have been rated as “Quality Credit Tracking Products†by China Quality Inspection Association. It has been rated as “Product Trustworthy Enterprise†by the track and appraisal, and won the “Shenzhen Excellent Lighting New Technology and New Energy-Saving Productsâ€. It is one of the 47 selected suppliers of the Green Lighting Reform Project of the Hong Kong Government Electrical and Mechanical Services Department.
3AAA brand products are widely used in hospitals, scientific research, airports, telecommunications, subways, gas stations, high-end office buildings, commercial lighting, factories, schools and overpasses, etc., and produce high performance for domestic and foreign well-known enterprises and well-known brands. Electronic ballasts, products are exported to Germany, the United States, France, Britain, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong and other countries and regions. Because of its superior performance and price ratio, it is energy efficient, environmentally friendly, safe and economical. High reliability and high quality have won unanimous recognition and praise from users at home and abroad.
The interior decoration of lighting appliances in developed countries accounts for 15%-25% of the total budget, while in China it is less than 5%. It is believed that with the continuous improvement of living standards, the proportion of lighting appliances in building electrical appliances will continue to increase. With the deepening of China's green lighting project, people's demand for green lighting products is increasing, especially for high-performance electronic ballasts with excellent performance, moderate price, high power factor, high energy efficiency, and lamp current peak ratio. Low and good electromagnetic compatibility: It will not pollute the power grid, will not interfere with the normal operation of other medical equipment, computer systems and other electrical equipment. The characteristics and superiority will gradually replace the magnetic ballast, and it will also speed up the modernization of China. To make due contributions to energy conservation and environmental protection for the benefit of mankind.
Editor: Deng Chunya China Lighting Network
Single Output Switching Power Supply,LED Power Supply Co., Ltd. , http://www.nbpowersupply.com