Recently, six ministries and commissions such as the National Development and Reform Commission jointly issued the "Semiconductor Lighting Energy Conservation Industry Plan", which further clarified the development goals, main tasks and supporting measures of China's LED industry during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, and clearly promoted the value of LED lighting energy conservation industry The average annual growth rate is about 30%. In 2015, it reached 450 billion yuan, of which LED industry application products reached 180 billion yuan.
As a national key support, cultivate and develop a strategic emerging industry-LED lighting is the application of a new generation of revolutionary lighting technology, with energy saving, environmental protection, high efficiency and other characteristics, especially in today's traditional energy, environmental pollution and other factors restricted, LED lighting The industry has undoubtedly become the focus of key projects of national and social concern.
Why is the European and American LED industry leading
Under the tremendous pressure of global environmental protection and energy crisis, semiconductor lighting has been recognized by the world as an important way for health, energy conservation and environmental protection. Governments of various countries have actively given policy and financial support to enable their enterprises to achieve technological breakthroughs and accelerate the process of LED commercialization.
Japan formulated the "21st Century Light Project" as early as 1998, and invested 5 billion yen in 1998-2002 to develop white-light semiconductor lighting LEDs and new semiconductor materials, substrates, phosphors, and lighting fixtures. According to the relevant policies issued by the Japanese government, incandescent light bulbs must be withdrawn from the market before 2012, urging LED lighting consumption to grow by more than 200% annually. In addition, the Japanese government also clearly stipulated that companies or organizations using LED lighting devices to replace incandescent lighting devices in 2006-2007 can obtain 130% excess depreciation of the investment amount, or a 7% tax reduction on the investment amount.
European and American countries have not been too weak in supporting the LED industry. The European Union launched the "High Brightness Organic Light-Emitting Diode Project for Information Communication Technology and Lighting Equipment" with an investment of 20 million euros to effectively improve the luminous efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes. At the same time, it also launched a comprehensive ban on the production and sale of incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, and energy-saving lamps in the alliance countries to promote the application and development of LED lighting technology.
The US federal government launched the "National Semiconductor Lighting Research Program" in 2002 and incorporated it into the "Energy Act". Enterprises can receive financial support of US $ 50 million per year and a total of US $ 500 million in financial support over 10 years. The US Congress ’funding support for LED lighting projects rose from US $ 3 million in 2003 to US $ 30 million in 2007, and funding continued to rise in 2009 and 2010. In 2011 and 2012, according to the economic stimulus plan, the US Congress increased the LED lighting R & D expenditure by US $ 50 million and US $ 37.8 million, respectively, bringing the total funding for these two years to nearly US $ 140 million.
With the strong support of policies and funds, Japan is already the largest producer of the global LED industry. Its development trend is almost a compass for the development of the global LED industry, while the United States and Europe have leading advantages in upstream epitaxy and chip core technology.
Policies help China's LED shift speed
Since China started late in the LED industry and is monopolized by foreign countries on the basis of LED core technology and patents, the development is relatively slow, but as the national and local support for the LED industry gradually increases, the Chinese LED industry has begun to enter the development stage .
According to the survey, China has issued a number of policies to support and encourage the development of the LED industry since 2009. In April 2009, the Ministry of Science and Technology issued the “Response Letter to the Pilot Work on the Application of“ Ten Cities and Ten Thousand Lamps â€). According to the plan of the Ministry of Science and Technology, 2 million LED street lights will be built in 50 cities. In September of the same year, six major ministries including the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Science and Technology issued the "Opinions on the Development of the Energy-Saving Semiconductor Lighting Industry". Up to 5; industry concentration has increased significantly, and there are about 10 key leading enterprises with independent brands and greater market influence; a semiconductor lighting standard system has been initially established; by 2015, the average annual growth rate is about 30%, functional lighting The market share is about 20%; the LCD backlight source is over 50%, and the market share of landscape decoration products is over 70%.
In February 2013, the six major ministries including the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Science and Technology issued the "Semiconductor Lighting Energy Conservation Industry Plan". The goal of the plan is that the localization rate of LED chips is more than 80%, and silicon-based LED chips have made important breakthroughs. The luminous efficiency of the core devices and the quality of the applied products have reached the international advanced level over the same period; large-scale MOCVD equipment and key raw materials have been localized, and the localization rate of testing equipment has reached more than 70%. Establish a world-class R & D, testing platform, standards, and certification system; by 2015, all incandescent lamps for general lighting above 60W will be eliminated, the market share will be reduced to below 10%, and the market share of LED functional lighting products will reach 20 The annual output value of the LED lighting energy-saving industry has increased by about 30% annually, reaching 450 billion yuan in 2015 (including 180 billion yuan of LED lighting application products; forming 10-15 master core technologies, having more independent intellectual property rights and well-known brands, Leading enterprise with strong quality competitiveness.
At the same time, many domestic provinces have put forward the "local version" of the LED industry development policy based on the needs of energy saving and environmental protection.
In April 2011, the Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology released the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan for the Development of Guangdong's LED Industry", which proposed that by 2015, cultivate 1 to 2 leading enterprises with an output value of 10 billion yuan and cultivate 1 to 2 An industrial cluster with an output value of 100 billion yuan, the province's LED strategic emerging industry scale exceeded 300 billion yuan.
In 2009, Yangzhou City proposed to subsidize the purchase of LEDs. Among them, the blue and green light MOCVD31 film machine and above, the subsidy fund can reach 10 million yuan / unit; the red and yellow light MOCVD 38 film machine and above, the subsidy fund can reach 8 million yuan / unit (the municipal and district finances each bear 50 %). According to estimates, Yangzhou Guang invested 1 billion yuan in equipment subsidies.
In terms of product application, Shenzhen has proposed that enterprises participating in the LED demonstration projects of government-invested projects be granted a 10% subsidy based on the price of the lamps and discounted interest for 3 years. Subsidies to enterprises that undertake LED investment demonstration projects for enterprise investment projects will be granted at 30% of the price of LED lamps.
Industry analysts believe that with the support of national policies, the promotion of financial subsidies and the implementation of measures such as LED lighting led by the national and local governments, this has played a guiding role in the development of LED companies. Making breakthroughs on the Internet will make enterprises more confident to face market competition and accelerate the internationalization process of China's LED industry.
Policies to support Chinese LED companies are bright
The continuous release of national preferential policies, supported by funds and subsidies at the same time, shows the country's determination to develop energy-saving and environmentally friendly strategic emerging industries. Under the active promotion of the government, Chinese LED companies are committed to technological innovation, creation, and continuous improvement of R & D capabilities, and actively through vertical integration, extending the industrial chain, and developing industrial clusters, gradually narrowing the gap with the world's traditional LED giants.
China's LED epitaxial materials, chip manufacturing, device packaging, phosphors and other aspects have shown unit technology with independent technical property rights, and some core technologies are original, initially formed from upstream materials, midstream chip preparation, downstream device packaging and integrated applications The relatively complete R & D and industrial system has laid the foundation for China's LED industry to grow bigger and stronger to a certain extent. At present, the 863 project undertaker has applied for 241 patents, including 152 invention patents and 17 foreign invention patents.
Great breakthroughs have been made in the key technologies of industrialization. Power chips have grown from scratch, and the proportion of domestic chips replacing imports has increased year by year, reaching 46% so far. Power white LED packaging is close to the international advanced level, and has become an important LED packaging base in the world. The 100-lumen / watt LED manufacturing technology with the enterprise as the main body has made rapid progress, and the good results completed on the industrialization line are close to 70 lumens / watt. The power type silicon substrate LED chip with independent intellectual property rights encapsulates white light and the efficiency exceeds 50 lumens / watt.
Research on large-scale system integration technology and major applications are progressing smoothly. The types and scale of application products are in the forefront of the world. It has become the world's largest producer and exporter of application products such as LED full-color displays, solar LEDs, and landscape lighting. In July 2008, Hisense's first 42-inch ultra-thin LED-backlit LCD TV was officially launched, breaking the monopoly of foreign manufacturers, indicating that Chinese consumer electronics, which account for 40% of world output, began to use LED technology on a large scale. In 2012, China's semiconductor lighting industry output value has exceeded 190 billion yuan.
With the support of the national policy, a large number of LED brand enterprises emerged with Sanan Optoelectronics (600703) as the leader in the company ’s own innovation and reform. China ’s LED industry is seeking to become a “product†from a “product†Change, and then continue to promote the transformation of China's LED industry from "Made in China" to "Created in China".
Parking lamp is either of the two smaller lights attached to the front of a car. Parking is one of the cars set alarm function, when the car parked curbside, on the left side of the parking lights flashing all the time, this feature is mainly used to remind the passing vehicles to avoid scratch during the night. European brand vehicles have this function. Many European laws, such as lateral stop by the road, there is no lights at night must open the outer parking lights, so that in the case of low visibility to other vehicles provide the warning role. Most models operate when the car stops and lights out, and then the turn signal comes to the side where the light is needed, and then the car locks the car. There are also some brands of roadside parking lights with special buttons, such as Mercedes-Benz. The power consumption of parking lights is very low, and it will not cause battery loss for a whole night.
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