Realize intelligent LED lighting

introduction

Imagine holding a marathon in hot, hazy weather, and saving a little bit of body weight is very important to the result of the competition. Normally, when the schedule is less than half, it seems as if you have already won. The leader seems insurmountable because these players can run longer distances with less physical energy consumption. The leader is radiant and radiant, and keeps calm and in good condition in the heat and competition. However, can these players really stabilize their pace and continue to lead in the second half? Among all the athletes who have undergone careful training and fierce competition, talent and potential can only be achieved so far. To succeed, you need to consume huge potential on the road. Can today's front runners tap the potential, use strategies, cope with various natural environments, and finally get their wish? Time and wisdom will tell everything.

Now, you may ask me: "What does the marathon have to do with LEDs? Do you really know what you are talking about?" I think so. Just like the strong runners leading the marathon, LED is far ahead in the field of energy-efficient lighting. Compared with incandescent and fluorescent lighting, LED's main technical advantages are lower energy consumption, longer life, and better control of lighting color and direction.

According to estimates, lighting energy consumption in the United States in 2010 accounted for 19% of electrical energy1. As of 2030, the annual energy consumption of lighting will reach 767 terawatt hours (TWh) 1. What a great opportunity for our special marathon leader! By 2030, LED lighting can reduce power consumption by 25% 1. In addition, since the lifespan of LEDs is 5 times longer than other lighting solutions and does not contain harmful substances, LEDs can reduce the solid waste and types of lighting. It may not even be necessary to replace the LED, but only when the building is being renovated. Not only that, but the ability to fine-tune colors with red, green, and blue (RGB) LEDs also provides new opportunities for quality and creativity. The ultimate use of LEDs will not only be limited to space lighting, but will be more suitable for new styles and installations.

Intelligent LED-the key to winning the game

How will LED realize its huge potential? There is no doubt that the first obstacle is price. The current cost of LEDs is much higher than existing lighting solutions. Energy saving is often not enough to convince price-sensitive companies and consumers to buy more expensive products. Over time, large-scale production may lower prices, but can the cost be reduced sufficiently and does the rate of price reduction meet user expectations? These are uncertain factors and are open to question. Of course, these issues are beyond the scope of this article. If we randomly find two hardware stores and try to find the same LED lights, this may be very difficult. Many retailers do not have sufficient varieties or quantities of stocks just to attract consumers who are sparse. Why? This involves price and inventory turnover. So what does this situation mean for us engineers and innovators? How do we make LED lighting reach its full potential? How to win this marathon?

If we give the LED "mind", make it intelligent, and install these lights with eyes, throat, counting and other functions. Designing valuable semiconductor materials in the lighting field will optimize energy efficiency, extend lighting life, and reduce maintenance costs. This will help the LED to run the entire schedule, stick to the end, and win the game with wisdom.

Key elements of LED intelligence

Ambient light detection, communication and electrical energy measurement are the key elements of intelligent lighting systems. Through ambient light detection, the lighting can be dimmed when other light sources have provided sufficient illumination; in addition, by detecting the color of ambient light, the color of the advanced RGB LED lighting system can be adjusted. The communication function allows remote control and connects small and large lighting devices into a central network. Energy measurement accurately calculates the power consumed and provides system insight for predictive maintenance. All these characteristics-ambient light detection, communication, electrical energy measurement-will further save energy and reduce operating costs. This article discusses the key design considerations for adding ambient light detection, communication (including wireless and power line), and energy measurement functions to LED lighting systems. Reference design examples are provided.

An ambient light sensor (ALS) detects the amount of light near the sensor. These simple devices become the "eyes" of the LED lighting system and the key to saving energy. When there is sufficient light source in the room, lighting is not necessary at all, the lighting can be dimmed or turned off completely, to reduce power consumption and extend the life of the lighting. The key features of ALS include power consumption, lumen monitoring range, and IR and UV filtering. These sensors must stay quietly in the system and cannot consume excessive power, thereby destroying the original intention of saving system energy consumption. Good ALS current consumption is below 1μA. The lumen detection range must reach the typical lumen range of the outdoor environment. 0.1lx to 100,000lx can generally meet most application requirements. Considering the system reliability, it may be necessary to adopt a slightly larger range. IR and UV filtering can eliminate the spectrum of invisible light in the actual system.

Light detection

Figure 13 shows the ALS design in the light source. The sensor must avoid the light of the lighting lamp itself and avoid the influence on the ambient light measurement. In this design, the ALS is located on a separate circuit board, under the shadow of the lamp holder. This simple design allows ALS to turn off the lights when it detects that the ambient light exceeds a preset value. RGB sensors can even add more "functions" to lighting applications. Similar to the LED lighting system with RGB LED and ALS shown in the figure, the color output can be dynamically adjusted to meet special application requirements, such as stage scene lighting or department store display effects.

Figure 1. The ALS is mounted on a separate PCB, under the shadow of the lamp holder, to prevent the sensor from reading the light intensity of the lamp itself.

Figure 1. The ALS is mounted on a separate PCB, under the shadow of the lamp holder, to prevent the sensor from reading the light intensity of the lamp itself.

Communication

Next, we discuss the intelligent communication of LEDs. Ears and throat are the most important functions to realize intelligent LED lighting next. By simply networking the lights, the lights can be turned on, off, or dimmed through the network. This operation will reduce energy consumption. Communication also provides quick feedback for power outages, maintenance, and emergencies. This information will save overall system maintenance costs. Wireless and wired communications can work well in different environments, depending on the network size and topology. Wireless is more suitable for small indoor and large outdoor applications, the latter needs to have a continuous line of sight, available frequency band and sufficient transmission power for the margin. Power line communication (PLC) uses existing power lines for communication. PLC is very suitable for large-scale municipal lighting installations, tunnels, indoor parking lots and other environments where natural light cannot be used due to physical location or building walls. In all communication references, reliability is the key. If communication fails, the system is of no benefit.

In wireless applications, the signal transmission method may be Wi-Fi®, ZigBee®, or other standard protocols that often belong to, but not limited to, industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) radio frequency. Limiting power consumption provides network flexibility, which is critical if the endpoint uses batteries. Figure 2 shows a unique application where the light switch is equipped with an energy harvesting radio frequency (RF) transceiver. The system collects the energy used to toggle the switch, generates a usable DC voltage, and supports the radio communication of lighting fixtures (<1GHz RF). As long as the signal can cover the light source, the switch can be placed anywhere in the room. No need to connect the lighting switch, the interior design is more flexible and the lighting control is more reliable.

Figure 2. Building automation applications where the lighting switch has an energy-harvesting RF transceiver that does not require wiring to control LED lighting.

Figure 2. Building automation applications where the lighting switch has an energy-harvesting RF transceiver that does not require wiring to control LED lighting.

Introduction

SCOTECH`s Mobile Substation Power Transformer plays an important role in the transmission and distribution of electrical power throughout the grid. A Mobile Substation is a self-contained trailer or container equipped with the necessary high and medium voltage components of a full substation, including Power Transformer, switchgear, disconnect switches (GIS, AIS or Hybrid),metering transformers, surge arresters, protection and control equipment, AC and DC auxiliary power and control system, other equipment can be supplied to meet customer specific requirements. They can be prepared, transported and operational in a very short time.

 

Scope of supply

Voltage level: up to 230KV

Rating level: up to 200MVA

 

Why SCOTECH

Long history- Focus on transformer manufacturing since 1934.

Technical support – 134 engineers stand by for you 24/7.

Manufacturing-advanced production and testing equipment, strict QA system.

Perfect service-The complete customer service package (from quotation to energization).


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