High-efficiency flower nursery greenhouse tidal irrigation system

I. Overview of tidal irrigation systems

The tidal irrigation system is an efficient water-saving irrigation system designed based on the tidal fluctuation principle. It is suitable for the cultivation and management of all kinds of potted plants, and can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of water resources and nutrient solutions. Tidal irrigation is mainly divided into two types, ground-based and plant-bed type. The ground-based tidal irrigation system is to build a water-fillable seedling-disc pool on the surface of the ground, distributing a number of outlet holes and return holes in it; the bed-type tidal irrigation system is to build a large-area water storage on the seedbed. Seedlings, water and back holes are reserved on the seedlings. In the application, irrigation water or matching nutrient solution diffuses from the outlet holes, causing the water level in the entire seedbed to slowly rise and reach a suitable level height (called high tide), drowning the cultivation bed by about 2-3 cm. Depth; after a certain period of time (full absorption of crop roots), approximately 10-15 minutes later, the nutrient solution rises to the surface of the medium in the basin due to capillary action. At this time, open the water outlet and drain the nutrient solution back to the nutrient solution. The pool (referred to as ebb), and the nutrient solution is sent out when another cultivation bed needs water. The tidal irrigation system has a device for adjusting the pH value of the nutrient solution and various nutrient concentrations, so as to avoid excessive contamination of the nutrient solution and to increase the media's filtration and disinfection systems. Tidal bed irrigation systems must use special cultivation beds that are elevated. Therefore, the corresponding equipment costs are also high.

Second, the characteristics of tidal irrigation system

Tidal irrigation is a mature agricultural irrigation technology. It has been widely used in developed countries, it has solved the contradiction between irrigation and oxygen supply, and irrigation basically does not destroy the "three-phase" structure of the matrix. It is an efficient high-energy The agricultural technology is also in the stage of extensive development in our country.

Water efficient, completely closed system circulation, can reach 90% utilization rate; Plant growth rate is faster, weekly seedling age can be 1 day earlier than traditional seedlings, improve facility utilization; Avoid water film on leaf surface of plants, make leaf accept More light photosynthesizes, promotes transpiration and pulls more nutrients from the roots; stable water vapor content in the roots, prevents capillary roots from drying up near the edges and bottom of the container; relative humidity is easy to control and leaves are kept Dry, reduce the use of chemical drugs; no weeds grow under the bed, reduce bacteria breeding, because the bed is very dry; Reduce the cost of management, whether it is manual operation or assisted by a microcomputer controller, a person in 20-30min Can be completed within the irrigation of 0.2~0.5ha. plug seedlings; can be used at any time, regardless of species, specifications, time constraints. General sprinkler irrigation methods, so that each plant absorbs fertilizer and moisture are not even, so that the yield decreased, and tidal irrigation yield 100% of the city, and the production of standardization, each plant a high degree of unity, quality assurance. Tidal irrigation directly absorbs fertilizer from the roots. The moisture does not touch the surface of the leaves and the leaves are shiny, which makes the selling price higher. It is calculated at 25 pots per square meter. If the quality is improved, it can make each pot sell 5 to 10 yuan more. Square meters increase the income as much as 125 to 250 yuan, and the return on investment is considerable. III. Tidal Irrigation System Description

High tide: There are transport pipes on both sides of each bed, and a pump is installed at the front end of the pipe. The automatic irrigation controller controls the nutrient solution from the fertilization system to the bed. Ensure that high tides are completed within a certain period of time.

Low tide: When the high-pressure water pump stops working, after the plants have been irrigated, the automatic irrigation controller controls the water pump to start to send the nutrient solution back to the back tank.

IV. Tidal Irrigation System Configuration

Tidal irrigation system configuration is divided into ground-bed irrigation system configuration and seedbed irrigation system configuration. The ground-bed type irrigation system is suitable for the cultivation of larger plants, and the bed-type irrigation system is suitable for the cultivation of smaller plants.

Ground type irrigation bed design

According to the size of the greenhouse and the requirements of the owners, the beds were built. Lays different depth troughs in the north, south, and east and west directions on the bed. At high tides, the deep north-south channel distributes incoming water to the beds. As the water level continues to rise, shallow troughs in the east-west direction send the water to the bottom of the pots, and a splash guard lid is placed on the water inlet. The water on the bed reached the bottom of the pot almost at the same time. At low tide, the water flowing from the flowerpot flows directly into the deep-water trough in the north-south direction through the east-west shallow sink, and then the deep-water trough returns the liquid to the back tank.

Seedbed irrigation system design

There is a nutrient solution supply box at the end of each planting bed. A submersible pump is installed in the tank fluid to deliver the nutrient solution from the tank to the bed through the liquid supply pipeline. The pump flow rate should be guaranteed for a certain period of time. High tide was completed within. There is a buffer device at the top of the liquid supply pipe to avoid spraying the leaves of the plants. When the pump stops working, the residual liquid is returned to the tank through the same pipe and pump, so that the same pipe can be used for irrigation and recovery.

The configuration of the tidal-type tidal irrigation system is basically the same as that of the tidal-type irrigation system except that the tidal water intake tray and the ground-type tidal irrigation system are different on the bed surface.

The irrigation plan can be transmitted from the substrate tensiometer on each bed to the environmental control computer in the greenhouse. The computer controls the pump through the controller. When the computer receives below the set tension value, the program starts the pump work, the working time is a certain value. The matrix moisture tension meter consists of a high-flow ceramic tip coupled with a sensitive computer-controlled pressure sensor. The tension meter responds to changes in the moisture tension in the matrix in a matter of moments.

Fertiliser Machine System The fertilizer applicator contains 4 nutrition tanks, 1 acid tank and 1 tank.
It mainly consists of the following four parts.
1 Inject water pump and three-way flow valve from the feed tank to the mixing tank according to the nutritional ratio.
2 Mix tanks that combine water, nutrients, and acid at atmospheric pressure.
3 Transfer the liquid in the tank to the main pump in the irrigation area.
4 The hardware integration board of the fertilizer applicator is composed of EC value, pH value and flow input, acid pump, nutrient pump, solenoid valve and main pump output port. The computerized control system fertilizing machine can continuously supply water and nutrient solution to the plants according to the optimum growing conditions of the plants. The fertilizer applicator has 5 separate fertilizer feeders controlled by the same environmental control computer in the greenhouse. The software program controls the water flow and the nutrient ratio of each valve. The whole system is composed of software, hardware, transmission equipment, sensors, environmental control, irrigation control and nutrition control. The system operates the fertilizer applicator through the electromagnetic three-way valve to achieve accurate feeding from the feeding tank to the mixing tank. According to the requirements of the nutrient ratio, the solenoid valve can supply the liquid to the mixing tank or return it to the original tank.
The computer can monitor the pH and EC value of the liquid flowing out from the mixing tank and adjust the flow rate. The mixture ratio can be set by the grower in advance. This monitoring is only to ensure the normal operation of the system, rather than a timely control. Due to the failure of the system or ratio sensor, when the ratio of the mixture exceeds the set limit, the system will alarm and take the necessary measures.
Since the number of valves for opening the irrigation is different and the flow rate output from the system changes, the computer automatically controls the feeding amount of the nutrient solution through the solenoid valve to ensure the set ratio and flow rate.

Major equipment configuration instructions

1) The automatic irrigation and fertilizing unit automatic irrigation and fertilizing unit is controlled by the controller. It is specially developed for the greenhouse horticulture industry and is a stable and reliable controller that has been verified. Install the control panel on the irrigation unit to control the irrigation unit. It is possible to control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve to control the progress of fertigation by means of pre-set starting conditions. The start conditions can be set in combination with time, light intensity, cumulative lighting, and external control conditions. The machine can accurately control the EC and pH, so each crop will receive a strictly quantified fertilizer. In the long-term practice, the grower can easily and more grasp the information about the water and fertilizer usage of this crop, so as to be able to cultivate a higher quality product.
The components used in the automatic irrigation and fertilization system are all tested high-quality originals to ensure that they can perform well. It can be used alone to achieve the control of irrigation and fertilization in the greenhouse. It can also be used in conjunction with other automated control equipment in the greenhouse to achieve the overall automation control in the greenhouse. As an additional service, we can design the ideal overall irrigation and fertilization system based on the specific needs of users.
The automatic irrigation and fertigation control system brings a variety of benefits to customers: It can efficiently fertilize all crops; Save expensive fertilizer and water usage; Accurate, stable and reliable; Simple stainless steel rack, flexible and diverse options; “Individual” irrigation units or a complete greenhouse control program can record irrigation fertigation data Cost-effective system configuration: Stainless steel racks: Outer package size 1.68mx 1.40mx 1.15m (hxlxb) Mixing tank system: 0.2 m3 mixing tank volume : At a pressure of 3.5 bar, an output of up to 12 m3 per hour, 20 m3 or 40 m3 flowmeter (one for each feed tube) 2 EC and pH sensor electronic interfaces designed to comply with international standard electronic flowmeters 1 x 130 Micron Filter 3 Readable Pressure Gauges 2) Computer Irrigation Control: White cabinet, 8 keys operated by common symbols Menu Display (no need to remember any code/code) The display can display 2 lines of letters, 40 characters per line 40 output signals control external devices 20 input signals connected to various sensors to record and report irrigation data, Viewing historical data Automatic background light display function Accurate, stable, reliable EC/pH control Up to 8 feed tubes 10 start conditions Control solenoid valve opening and closing Each solenoid valve opening control, one cycle every 24 hours Chinese operation interface 3) The disinfection system has two kinds of UV sterilizer and ozone sterilizer. Optional UV sterilizer UV sterilizer is the use of ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 225nm-275nm to strongly kill microorganisms, in the raw water Microbes kill.
Product features Fast sterilization speed, does not change the physical and chemical properties of water, does not increase the smell of water, does not produce halogenated methane compounds that are harmful to the human body, and has no side effects. The water treatment cylinder adopts imported high-quality stainless steel, which can meet the working pressure of 1.2MPa. It has the advantages of rust prevention, high strength, no metal ion pollution, and easy cleaning of the equipment surface. Ultraviolet lamp adopts professional new products identified by the national health department and epidemic prevention department. The power is 30W and the main line spectrum is 253.7nm. The ultraviolet ray sterilization rate of this wavelength is the highest, which can reach more than 98%. The energy consumption is low, and the continuous service life can reach more than 3,000 hours. With reliable ballast equipment. Modular electronic control device, full-featured, timing standard, integrated design with the water treatment cartridge, has the characteristics of convenient installation, simple operation, safety and reliability, and easy maintenance. Ozone sterilizer Ozone sterilizer 1 Ozone production: 5g/h Product size: 350*250*580mm (length*width*height)
Ozone concentration: air source 5-20 g/m3 oxygen source 20-35 g/m3
Cooling method: air cooling power supply: 220V/50Hz
Power: 160W (power size adjusted according to actual needs)
Air source type: Air source and oxygen source dual-use type, built-in oil-free air compressor, air compressor independent control switch Product configuration: dehydroxide quartz structure ozone generator unit, stainless steel chassis, precision ammeter, Japan-made 150 fan , with ozone controller (knob) and other system control interface